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Welcome to the Backend Engineering Show podcast with your host Hussein Nasser. If you like software engineering you’ve come to the right place. I discuss all sorts of software engineering technologies and news with specific focus on the backend. All opinions are my own. Most of my content in the podcast is an audio version of videos I post on my youtube channel here http://www.youtube.com/c/HusseinNasser-software-engineering Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/hnasr 🧑‍🏫 Courses I Te ...
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Fundamentals of Operating Systems Course https://os.husseinnasser.comLinux I/O expert and subsystem maintainer Jens Axboe has submitted all of the IO_uring feature updates ahead of the imminent Linux 6.10 merge window.In this video I explore this with a focus on what zerocopy. 0:00 Intro0:30 IO_uring gets faster 2:00 What is io_uring7:00 How Normal…
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Fundamentals of Operating Systems Course https://oscourse.winLooks like fedora is compiling cpython with the -o3 flag, which does aggressive function inlining among other optimizations.This seems to improve python benchmarks performance by at most 1.16x at a cost of an extra 3MB in binary size (text segment). Although it does seem to slow down some…
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https://oscourse.win Allegro improved their Kafka produce tail latency by over 80% when they switched from ext4 to xfs. What I enjoyed most about this article is the detailed analysis and tweaking the team made to ext4 before considering switching to xfs. This is a classic case of how a good tech blog looks like in my opinion. 0:00 Intro 0:30 Summa…
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Get my backend course https://backend.win Google submitted a patch to Linux Kernel 6.8 to improve TCP performance by 40%, this is done via rearranging the tcp structures for better cpu cache lines, I explore this here.0:00 Intro0:30 Google improves Linux Kernel TCP by 40%1:40 How CPU Cache Line Works6:45 Reviewing the Google Patchhttps://www.phoron…
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Get my backend course https://backend.win Cloudflare has announced they are opening sources Pingora as a networking framework! Big news, let us discuss 0:00 Intro 0:30 Reasons why Cloudflare built Pingora? 3:00 It is a framework! 7:30 What in Pingora? 11:50 Security in Pingora 13:45 Multi-threading in Pingora 21:00 Customization vs Configuration 25…
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https://backend.win https://databases.win I’m a big believer that database systems share similar core fundamentals at their storage layer and understanding them allows one to compare different DBMS objectively. For example, How documents are stored in MongoDB is no different from how MySQL or PostgreSQL store rows. Everything goes to pages of fixed…
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Fragmentation is a very interesting topic to me, especially when it comes to memory. While virtually memory does solve external fragmentation (you can still allocate logically contiguous memory in non-contiguous physical memory) it does however introduce performance delays as we jump all over the physical memory to read what appears to us for examp…
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Join Sabrina as she speaks with Nir Kossovsky, CEO of Steel City RE and reputational risk management expert, as they discuss reputational risk management approaches for the third sector. Relevant links: Time Stamp, Topic, URL 08:30 Prediction: Resilience Monitor https://steelcityre.com/predict-reputation-risk/ 10:11 2022 Νobel Prize in Economics – …
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Fundamentals of Database Engineering udemy course (link redirects to udemy with coupon)https://database.husseinnasser.com Why create Index blocks writesIn this video I explore how create index, why does it block writes and how create index concurrently work and allow writes.0:00 Intro1:28 How Create Index works4:45 Create Index blocking Writes5:00 …
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Join Sabrina as she speaks with Rachel Erskine, an ethical storytelling advisor and co-chair of the BOND People in the Pictures Working group, and they discuss the importance of ethical storytelling and fundraising in the third-sector. Resources for this episode: Practical guidance The Dignified Storytelling project (2022) Guidelines for ethical co…
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Join Sabrina as she speaks with Dr. Warren Black, a complex systems and risk expert, and they discuss how complexity, systems thinking, and risk impact the third sector. You can find the complexity matrix we discuss on the episode here. You can find Dr. Black's YouTube channel here - https://youtube.com/@warrenblack4700?si=of8i9HsBmWRhTTHr…
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The Encrypted Client Hello or ECH is a new RFC that encrypts the TLS client hello to hide sensitive information like the SNI. In this video I go through pros and cons of this new rfc.0:00 Intro2:00 SNI4:00 Client Hello8:40 Encrypted Client Hello11:30 Inner Client Hello Encryption18:00 Client-Facing Outer SNI21:20 Decrypting Inner Client Hello23:30 …
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Join Sabrina as she speaks with Isabel de Bruin Cardoso - a third-sector ethics and safeguarding expert - and they discuss the risks of unethical behavior and the "halo-effect" in the third-sector. References for this episode: Contact details: debruin@rsm.nl More info: NGO Soul & Strategy podcast Principia Advisory Website Articles: The NGO Halo Ef…
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Join Sabrina as she speaks with Claris D'cruz, a third-sector governance expert, and they discuss strategy, governance, and risk in the third sector. Relevant links for this episode: https://www.gov.uk/government/5-minute-guides-for-charity-trustees https://www.gettingonboard.org/ https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/cc/trustee-learning-programme-getting-o…
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From the frontend through the kernel to the backend process When we send a request to a backend most of us focus on the processing aspect of the request which is really just the last step. There is so much more happening before a request is ready to be processed, most of this step happens in the Kernel. I break this into 6 steps, each step can theo…
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In a wonderful blog, Kyle explores the pains he faced managing a Postgres instance for a startup he works for and how enabling partitioning sigintfically created wait events causing the backend and subsequently NGINX to through 500 errors.We discuss this in this video/podcasthttps://www.kylehailey.com/post/postgres-partition-pains-lockmanager-waits…
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WebTransport is a cutting-edge protocol framework designed to support multiplexed and secure transport over HTTP/2 and HTTP/3. It brings together the best of web and transport technologies, providing an all-in-one solution for real-time, bidirectional communication on the web. Watch full episode (subscribers only) https://spotifyanchor-web.app.link…
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Join Sabrina as she speaks with Elyse Wallnutt, Founder - Agility Lab Consulting, and they discuss the impact data protection has specifically on the marketing and fundraising efforts of third-sector organizations. Books referenced: The Fight for Privacy by Danielle Kats Citron Algorithms of Oppression by Safiya Umoja Noble LinkedIn: www.linkedin.c…
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fsync is a linux system call that flushes all pages and metadata for a given file to the disk. It is indeed an expensive operation but required for durability especially for database systems. Regular writes that make it to the disk controller are often placed in the SSD local cache to accumulate more writes before getting flushed to the NAND cells.…
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Fundamentals of Database Engineering udemy course (link redirects to udemy with coupon)https://database.husseinnasser.com In version 5.3, MongoDB introduced a feature called clustered collection which stores documents in the _id index as oppose to the hidden wiredTiger hidden index. This eliminates an entire b+tree seek for reads using the _id inde…
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Prime video engineering team has posted a blog detailing how they moved their live stream monitoring service from microservices to a monolith reducing their cost by 90%, let us discuss this0:00 Intro2:00 Overview10:35 Distributed System Overhead21:30 From Microservices to Monolith 29:00 Scaling the Monolith32:30 Takeawayshttps://www.primevideotech.…
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Join Sabrina as she speaks with Veronica LaFemina, Founder and CEO of LaFamina & Co., and they discuss strategy execution and the threats and opportunities that are associated with this in the third sector. References for this episode My LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/vlafemina LaFemina & Co. website: lafemina.co LaFemina & Co. Blog Post -- …
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Fundamentals of Database Engineering udemy course (link redirects to udemy with coupon)https://database.husseinnasser.comIn a row-store database engine, rows are stored in units called pages. Each page has a fixed header and contains multiple rows, with each row having a record header followed by its respective columns. When the database fetches a …
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Join Sabrina as she speaks with Niki Wood, an international development MEL expert, and they discuss how monitoring, evaluation, and learning, and risk have more in common then you might think. References and citations for this episode are: Rogers, P. J. (2008). Using Programme Theory to Evaluate Complicated and Complex Aspects of Interventions. Ev…
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Lambda now supports Response payload streaming, now you can flush changes to the network socket as soon as it is available and it will be written to the client socket. I think this is a game changing feature 0:00 Intro 1:00 Traditional Lambda 3:00 Server Sent Events & Chunk-Encoding 5:00 What happens to clients? 6:00 Supported Regions 7:00 My thoug…
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Cloudflare released a blog detailing a vulnerability that has been in their system for nearly two years. it is related to mTLS or mutual TLS and specifically client certificate revocation. I explore this in details 0:00 Intro3:00 The Vulnerability7:00 What happened?8:50 Certificate Revocation12:30 Rejecting certain endpoints 17:00 Certificate Authe…
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BGP (Border gateway protocol) withdrawals caused the Virgin media ISP customers to lose their Internet connection. I go into details on this video. 0:00 Intro2:00 What happened?4:11 How BGP works?11:50 Version media withdrawals15:00 Deep dive Fundamentals of Backend Engineering Design patterns udemy course (link redirects to udemy with coupon)https…
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GitHub Accidentally Exposed their SSH RSA Private key, this is the message you will get . @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!Someone could be eavesdropping on you…
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Join Sabrina as she speaks with Laura Frederick, Founder and CEO of "How to Contract", and they discuss risk in contracting, demystify contracts, and provide simple and practical advice for third-sector organizations to better manage their contracting. Links for this episode: How to Contract Term Scout Contract Nerds…
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Get my database engineering course https://database.husseinnasser.com In this video I do a deep dive in all locks obtained by postgres, I learned a lot while making this video and hope you enjoy it. 0:00 Intro 2:30 What are Locks? 5:30 Overview of Postgres Locks 9:10 Table-Level Locks 11:40 ACCESS EXCLUSIVE 17:40 ACCESS SHARE 19:00 ROW SHARE 20:15 …
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Pinterest moves to HTTP/3 on all their clients and edge CDNs this year. They witnessed interesting gains but not without good lesson learned. The main one was the mismatch of alt-svc vs DNS ttls.I cover this on the next episode of the backend engineering course.0:00 Intro2:00 Moving h2 to h3 through alt-svc5:00 Why HTTP/36:00 HTTP/1 vs HTTP/29:00 T…
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