If you knock down an email server, you could stand up a parallel server or you could find workarounds. If you knock down a factory floor, there is no real parallel, alternative to a factory floor. Dane Grace of Brinqa talks about how the risks to OT carries with it an outsized kinetic response in the real world. For example, what would happen if so…

One of the problems with security is ROI. If I put in next gen this and next gen that and no security events happen, am I justified in making those expenditures? How do you quantify a risk like that? Padraic O’Reilly, founder and Chief Innovation Officer at CyberSaint, walks us through the risk analysis for IoT and OT systems, and why it’s importan…

This is the story of how a researcher turns commercial and commonly used EDRs and Cloud-based backup systems into wipers against the very data they’re designed to protect. Or Yair, security research team lead at Safe Breach, talks about his two presentations at SecTor 2023 that consider how to turn common security tools into potentially malicious w…

There’s a lot of talk about using AI and LLM in security. For example, could ChatGPT detect the vulnerable spots for power for analysis in particular pieces of code using Advanced Encryption Standard? Witold Waligora, CEO of CloudVA, talks about his Black Hat Europe presentation, How We Taught ChatGPT-4 to Break mbedTLS AES With Side-Channel Attack…

You might think that internet connected cameras would be limited in use by a bad actor. Actually such devices can be an entry point into an organization, providing yet another means of accessing the internal network. Mohammad Waqas, a field CTO at Armis, spoke at SecTor 2023 about the threat posed by IoT and OT devices in future cyberwarfare and di…

There’s a fake news report about three million internet-enabled toothbrushes contributing to a botnet. Unfortunately the mainstream media ran with the story before questioning its basic assumptions. This is a story about IoT devices and the fact that we still don’t understand how they are vulnerable. Tom Pace, co-founder and CEO of NetRise, talks a…

Ransomware groups have bifurcated with some doing pure ransomware and others going straight to extortion; it's whether the data is ransomed on your network or theirs. Nick Biasini from Cisco Talos talks about the threats he’s seeing, in particular, SapphireStealer which is open source and using GitHub to crowdsource new features.…

The Purdue Model used in OT is essentially network security from the 1990s. New threats and new tech however required us to rethink that on the network side so how do we bring that new thinking to work with legacy OT systems? John Taylor of Versa Networks explains how there's a lot of implicit trust in the IoT and OT devices themselves, yet they do…

Flaws within the chips in our laptops, in our homes, and in our critical infrastructure could become the access one needs to steal data if not just shut down an assembly line, or hold up production of a vital resource like power or water. Josh Salmanson, senior vice president at Telos, discusses why we’re seeing more and more pre-compromised router…

Can your OT function if the IT system goes down? OT self-sufficiency is critical for infrastructure such as rail systems. Christopher Warner, from GuidePoint Security, discusses how this infrastructure resilience is important not only for the rail industry but for most of the other critical infrastructures in general.…

Quantum computers will change and even break the cryptography we have today. To defeat a "Harvest Now, Decrypt Later" strategy by bad actors (even nation states), Denis Mandich, CTO and co-founder of Qrypt, is proposing a type of crypto agility that compiles the keys on your laptop instead of distributing them across the internet. He also talks abo…

Bots are actionable scripts that can slow your day to day business, be enlisted in denial of service attacks, or even keep you from getting those tickets Taylor Swift you desperately want. Antoine Vastel from DataDome explains how it's an arms race: the better we get at detecting them, the more the bots evolve to evade detection. Transcript here.…

You would think there is a procedure to End-of-Life a medical device, right? Erase personal health info. Erase network configuration info. Speaking at SecTor 2023, Deral Heiland from Rapid 7 said he found that he was able to buy infusion pumps on the secondary market with the network credentials for the original Health Care Delivery Organization in…

With the recent Clop attack on customers of MoveIt, ransomware is now old news. Attackers are skipping the encryption and simply extorting the exfiltrated data, according to Thomas “Mannie” Wilken, from the Accenture Cyber Threat Intelligence Dark Web Reconnaissance Team. He should know; he spends his days on the Dark Web seeing the rise of new inf…

When we think of massive compute power, we think of the Cloud when we really should consider the millions of unprotected OT devices with even greater slack computer power than all our current Cloud services combined. Sonu Shankar, Vice President of Product at Phosphorus Cybersecurity, talks about the challenge of communicating with PLCs and other d…

Imagine a data dump of files similar to the Snowden Leaks in 2013, only this it’s not from the NSA but from NT Vulkan, a Russian contractor. And it’s a framework for targeting critical IT infrastructures. In a talk at DEF CON 31, Joe Slowick from Huntress, shares what a Russian whistleblower released in the form of emails and documents, and how we …

Rather than use backdoor exploits, attackers are stealing credentials going through the front door. How are they gaining credentials. Sometimes it’s from the tools we trust. Paul Geste and Thomas Chauchefoin discuss their DEF CON 31 presentation Visual Studio Code is why I have (Workspace) Trust issues as well as the larger question of how much we …

There’s much of the electromagnetic spectrum that we cannot see. Like how LED wristbands are triggered at concerts or how to identify someone at DEF CON in a crowd of cellphones and electrical devices. Eric Escobar of SecureWorks provides some really clear analogies to help anyone visualize the differences between NFC, Bluetooth, and Wi Fi such as …

What if an GPC project OAUTH access token wasn’t deleted? This could expose databases to bad actors. Tal Skverer from Astrix discusses his DEF CON 31 presentation GhostToken: Exploiting Google Cloud Platform App Infrastructure to Create Unremovable Trojan Apps. Transcript here.By Robert Vamosi

How might we mitigate the risk to millions of unauthenticated devices already out in the field? Ron Fabela, Field CTO at XONA Systems, has some ideas about how to achieve zero trust in either legacy or new OT systems. Really, it’s just a matter of reducing the attack surface.By Robert Vamosi

How do you conduct an incident response for an entire country? When it’s 27 different life-critical government ministries each with up to 850 individual devices -- that’s uncharted territory. Esteban Jimenez of ATTI Cyber talks about his experience with the reconstruction of the cybersecurity system following Conti, how the country handled a second…

What is is like to hack an entire country, to take it’s government services offline, to deny a government an ability to function? Costa Rica knows. Esteban Jimenez of ATTI Cyber has been helping Costa Rica improve its cybersecurity posture for more than 16 years, and he has been helping them recently recover from a crippling ransomware attack in Ap…

In a talk at Black Hat USA 2023, Sharon Brizinov and Noam Moshe from Claroty Team82, disclosed a significant vulnerability in the Open Platform Communications Universal Architecture or OPC-UA, a univsersal protocol used to synchronize different OT devices. In this episode they also discuss a new open source OPC exploit framework designed to help OT…

Speaking at Black Hat 2023, Kelly Shortridge is bringing cybersecurity out of the dark ages by infusing security by design to create secure patterns and practices. It’s a subject of her new book on Security Chaos Computing, and it’s a topic that’s long overdue to be discussed in the field. Transcript.…

What would happen if someone stole the encryption keys for a major satellite? Well, it’d be game over. Unless the satellite used quantum cryptography. Skip Sanzeri from QuSecure explains how using “quantum tunnels” will allow even legacy satellites in orbit today to become secure in a rapidly approaching post-quantum world.…

Are we doing enough to secure our health delivery organizations? Given the rise of ransomware attacks, one could day we are not. Karl Sigler from Trustwave SpiderLabs, talks about a new report that his team has written that is focused on the threat landscape for medical devices and the healthcare industry in general. Transcript here.…

Internet domains are brittle. One could hack into a military, a foreign government, or even global commercial web services domain using flaws in the underlying architecture. Fredrik Nordberg Almroth, co-founder of Detectify, talks about how he did just that -- hack .mil, hack the top level domain of the Democratic Republic of Congo, and even Gmail …

This is a story of what's needed for the Capture The Flag competition at DEF CON 31 to be hosted for the first time on a live satellite orbiting 400 kilometers above the Earth. Mike Walker continues his conversation, focusing more on the game to be played in Hack-A-Sat 4.By Robert Vamosi

Phishing is everywhere. Who among us has not seen phish in their inbox? Aviv Grafi, from Votiro, gets into the weeds about how malicious documents are formed and how they might (despite good secure posture) still end up in your inbox or browser. He’s created a rather novel method to strip out the good content from the bad without affecting your ove…

Moonlighter is the world’s first and only hacking sandbox in space. Currently orbiting the earth near the International Space Station, the satellite is the playground for this year’s Hack-A-Sat 4 competition at DEF CON 31. Mike Walker, from Cromulence, discusses the difference between hacking a live satellite in orbit vs the previous Hack-A-Sat CTF…

Could the nudges and prompts like those from our Fitbits and Apple watches be effective in enforcing good security behavior as well? Oz Alashe, CEO and founder of CybSafe, brings his experience in the UK Intelligence Community to the commercial world along with some solid science around what motivates us to make changes in our lives. It’s not just …

Could a personal medical device be a threat for an organization? Turns out it’s similar to protecting against an attack on a mobile device. Except a denial of service here could prove fatal. Todd Brasel, the author of Security Issues of Personal Medical Devices: Concerns, Characteristics, and Controls, discusses with Error Code the research he’s do…

Say you’re an organization that’s been hit with ransomware. At what point do you need to bring in a ransomware negotiator? Should you pay, should you not? Mark Lance, the VP of DFIR and Threat Intelligence for GuidePoint Security, provides The Hacker Mind with stories of ransomware cases he’s handled and best practices for how to handle such an eve…

Josh Corman, VP of Cyber Safety Strategy at Claroty, is a hacker who knows U.S. public policy well. Ten years ago he created a volunteer organization, I Am The Cavalry, to help educate sitting legislators on active cybersecurity issues. In this episode of Error Code, Josh talks about the recently passed PATCH ACT and how it addresses some of the is…

Small to Medium Business are increasingly the target of APTs and ransomware. Often they lack the visibility of a SOC. Or even basic low level threat analysis. Chris Gray of Deepwatch talks about the view from the inside of a virtual SOC, the ability to see threats against a large number of SMB organizations, and the changes to cyber insurance we’re…

This is the story about researchers who monitor the threats against IoT and OT systems, and the steps being taken to mitigate them. Ishmael Valenzuela, Vice President of the threat research and Intelligence Team at BlackBerry, shares the latest insights from his company’s Cybersecurity Global Threat Intelligence Report. We talk about threats from L…

More and more criminals are identified through open source intelligence (OSINT). Sometimes a negative Yelp review can reveal their true identity. Daniel Clemens, CEO of ShadowDragon, talks about his more than two decades of digital investigations, from the origins of the Code Red worm to the mass shooter in Las Vegas, with a fair number of pedophil…

There’s a lot of FUD around hacking the power grid. Most often, there’s a more common cause: Soot. Even Squirrels. Jori VanAntwerp, CEO of SynSaber. talks about the realities of the US power grid vs the myths. While there’s room to improve, there’s also a great amount of resilience already in the electrical system today.…

It’s time to evolve beyond the UNIX operating system. OSes today are basically ineffective database managers, so why not build an OS that’s a database manager? Michael Coden, Associate Director, Cybersecurity, MIT Sloan, along with Michael Stonebreaker will present this novel concept at RSAC 2023. You can learn more at dbos-project.github.io…

How the rapid proliferation of EV charging stations is already leading to attacks on the stations and the vehicles themselves, and what we should do about it. Charles Eagan, CTO of BlackBerry, talks about the rush to create these charging stations and the traditional problems with IoT – vulnerable versions of the OS, of the open source, and even so…

Incident response in the cloud. How is it different, and why do we need to pay more attention to it today, before something major happens tomorrow. James Campbell, CEO of Cado Security, shares his experience with traditional incident response, and how the cloud, with its elastic structure, able to spin up and spin down instances, is changing incide…

The Biden-Harris 2023 National Cybersecurity Strategy breaks with Cold War thinking and offers a bold new approach to today’s online offense and defense. Danielle Jablanski from Nozomi Networks breaks down the ambitious new policy which includes explicit mention of ICS and OT technologies for the first time.…

We’ve seen drug marketplaces and extremists use the Dark Web. Will generative AI tools like ChatGPT make things crazier by lowering the barrier to entry? Delilah Schwartz, from Cybersixgill, brings her extensive background with online extremism to The Hacker Mind to talk about how she’s seeing a lot of chatter in the dark web.about AI online. She d…

We’ve already seen botnets composed of compromised devices like routers and security cameras. So how do we secure them and our smart lightbulbs too? Window Snyder, CEO of Thistle Technologies, explains how new devices can be partitioned with failovers and then serviced with regular updates all monitored from a central dashboard. Even devices alread…

Booth babes and rampant sexism were more of a problem in infosec in the past. That is, until Chenxi Wang spoke up. And she’s not done changing the industry. She’s an amazing person who has done an incredible number of things in a short amount of time -- a PhD in Computer Engineering, inventor of a process still used by the DoD today, a successful t…

This is the story of Cris Thomas aka Space Rogue, who’s written perhaps the best book about the early days of hacking, Space Rogue: How the Hackers Known as the Loft Changed The World. Unlike a journalist merely chronicling events in Boston in the 1990s from the outside, Cris was on the inside. This is not only the story of the L0pht but it's also …

What if DEF CON CTFs were televised? What if you could see their screens and have interviews with the players in the moment? Turns out, you can. Jordan Wiens, from Vector 35, maker of Binary Ninja, is no stranger to CTFs. He’s played in ten final DEF CON CTFs, was a part of DARPA’s Cyber Grand Challenge, and recently he’s moderated the live broadca…

This is the story of Zhadnost, of how an IoT-based botnet was conscripted into an online war in the days immediately before the kinetic Ukraine invasion. Ryan Slaney of SecurityScorecard walks us through the timeline of these attacks and the evidence of attribution he found linking it to Russia’s GRU.…

When we hear about bad actors on a compromised system for 200+ days, we wonder how they survived for so long. Often they hide in common misconfigurations. From her talk at SecTor 2022, Paula Januszkiewicz, CEO of Cqure, returns to The Hacker Mind and explains how a lot of little configuration errors in common Windows tools and services can open the…

What if a vulnerability exists in popular ICS devices, yet the only fix is to re-issue the hardware? This is true with some embedded security flaws. Ang Cui, founder and CEO of Red Balloon Security, talks about his company’s discovery of CVE-2022-38773, which affects the secure boot process in Siemens S7 1500 PLCs, and what the mitigations for devi…