1577 - 1640 Flanders (Belgium) Rubens brought together the best of Italian and Dutch renaissance painting into a lush style that has become known as Baroque. His ability to bring the human form and flesh alive continues to amaze. He was also, by the way, a skilled diplomat who quietly helped maintain peace between Holland’s independent north and hi…

Philippus Paracelsus 1493-1541 Switzerland “Alchemists” have unfortunately come to be trivialized as people on a Quixotic quest to make base metals into gold. Paracelsus was a true alchemist—a brilliant medieval physician and chemist who combined breakthrough scientific discoveries with careful observation and traditional folk wisdom to, literally,…

1533-1603 England Through skilled diplomacy, uncommon wisdom, and unparalleled charisma, the brilliant and beloved “Virgin Queen” Elizabeth brought religious peace to England during the worst days of Protestant-Catholic conflict. And, with minor exceptions, she maintained military peace with other nations during those treacherous times during which…

121 - 180 Roman Empire Marcus Aurelius, the emperor of Rome from 161 to 180 AD. He’s best known for his Meditations, a remarkable book that captures the essence of stoic philosophy, and is the equal of the Tao te Ching, Bhagavad Gita, Plato’s Republic, and other classic texts that struggle to establish the principles of ethical behavior. “I see the…

Marilyn Monroe 1926 - 1962 America Marilyn Monroe was one of the most famous movie stars of all time. Many people have tried to explain (and others have tried to dismiss) the powerful impact her presence had on the consciousness of America...and the world. She combined sexuality and innocence; passion and humor. But she also had a wisdom that is ju…

1810 - 1849 Poland / France The famous 19th century composer, Chopin transformed the piano into a solo instrument of breathtaking emotional power. Consumptive and sickly, he is almost as well known for his liaison with the writer George Sand as he is for his genius at the keyboard. “Everywhere I look, I see left hands wandering aimlessly in the wil…

9th Century BC, Lebanon / Israel Jezebel was a Phoenician princess from Tyre (Lebanon) who was married off to Ahab, King of the Hebrews. She tried to introduce her native idol worship to Israel, incurring the wrath of the prophets, particularly Elijah. Their story is told in 1 Kings. “When Gods are used as weapons and women as coin, everyone suffer…