Open dialogue about important issues in earthquake science presented by Center scientists, visitors, and invitees.
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Cascadia’s frontal thrust fault system revealed in unprecedented detail
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Janet Watt, U.S. Geological Survey Investigating the geologic record of shallow megathrust behavior is imperative for estimating the earthquake hazard and tsunamigenic potential along the Cascadia subduction zone. Ship-borne sparker seismic imaging and multibeam mapping is integrated with targeted autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) bathymetry and …
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Stress Shadows: Insights into the Physics of Aftershock Triggering
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Jeanne Hardebeck, U.S. Geological Survey Aftershock triggering is commonly attributed to static Coulomb stress changes from the mainshock. A Coulomb stress increase encourages aftershocks in some areas, while in other areas termed “stress shadows” a decrease in Coulomb stress suppresses earthquake occurrence. While the predicted earthqu…
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Detecting Repeating Earthquakes on the San Andreas Fault with Unsupervised Machine-Learning of Spectrograms
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Theresa Sawi, U.S. Geological Survey Repeating earthquakes sequences are widespread along California’s San Andreas fault (SAF) system and are vital for studying earthquake source processes, fault properties, and improving seismic hazard models. In this talk, I’ll be discussing an unsupervised machine learning‐based method for detecting …
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(Re)Discovering the seismicity of Antarctica: A new seismic catalog for the southernmost continent
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Andres Pena Castro, University of New Mexico The seismicity detected in the Antarctic continent is low compared with other continental intraplate regions of similar size. The low seismicity may be explained by (i) insufficient strain rates to generate earthquakes, (ii) scarcity of seismic instrumentation for detecting relatively small earthquakes, …
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Fault damage zone evolution across distributed fault systems: Insights from Ridgecrest, California
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Zachary Smith, University of California Berkley Intense dynamic stresses during earthquakes can activate numerous subsidiary faults and generate off-fault damage that alters fault properties and can impact the source processes and rupture dynamics of future earthquakes. Distinguishing how much damage accumulates during a single earthquake versus mu…
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Unraveling Multi-Scale Fault Zone Behaviors with Small Earthquake Focal Mechanisms
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Yifang Cheng, Tongji University, Shanghai Earthquake focal mechanisms offer insights into the architecture, kinematics, and stress at depth within fault zones, providing observations that complement surface geodetic measurements and seismicity statistics. We have improved the traditional focal mechanism calculation method, HASH, through the incorpo…
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Offshore Fault Damage and Slip Behavior: Insights from Microseismicity and Seismic Imaging
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Travis Alongi, U.S. Geological Survey Many of the world’s most damaging faults are offshore, presenting unique challenges and opportunities for studying earthquakes and faults. This talk explores how earthquake-generated (passive) and human-made (active) marine seismic methods improve our knowledge of on-fault slip behavior and off-fault dama…
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Variable short-term slip rate on the Imperial fault modulated by filling of the Salton Trough by Lake Cahuilla
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Thomas Rockwell, San Diego State University The Salton Basin was free of significant water between about 100 BCE and 950 CE but has filled to the sill elevation of +13 m six times between ca 950 and 1730 CE. Based on a dense array of cone penetrometer (CPT) soundings across a small sag pond, the Imperial fault is interpreted to have experienced an …
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Mechanics of caldera collapse earthquakes and their seismic representations
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Taiyi Wang, Stanford University All instrumented basaltic caldera collapses generate Mw > 5 very long period earthquakes. However, previous studies of source dynamics have been limited to lumped models treating the caldera block as rigid, leaving open questions related to how ruptures initiate and propagate around the ring fault, and the seismic ex…
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What does the 2024 M 7.5 Noto Hanto, Japan, quake tell us about short-term forecasting and long-term hazard?
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Shinji Toda, Tohoku University The 1 Jan 2024 Noto Hanto earthquake launched a plethora of ills on the Noto Hanto population, taking 200 lives, and causing $25B in damage, only $5B of which was insured. These ills include a tsunami that arrived within a few minutes of the mainshock, as well as unexpectedly strong shaking throughout the Noto peninsu…
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