Freya Bleathman public
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101
You're Kidding, Right?

Freya Bleathman & Anne Atkins

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You're Kidding, Right is a podcast by two doctors for everything you need to know about paediatrics). Each week we release 2 episodes on key topics that will help you understand how our littlest patients work. Whether you're a junior doctor, medical student, nursing grad, general practice trainee or anyone who wants to learn the who, what, when, where and how of kids, we will do our very best to make your learning a little easier, and a little more fun! https://www.instagram.com/yourekidding ...
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There has been a recent move to prescribe an inhaled corticosteroid for ALL adolescents with asthma. In today's episode we will go through the new SMART guidelines for adolescent asthma. Links and resources: Follow us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/yourekiddingright.pod/ Make sure you hit SUBSCRIBE/FOLLOW so you don’t miss out on any pearl…
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After a decent hiatus we're back with a new episode! Meckel diverticulum is the most common congenital abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract, found in the small intestine. The majority of patients are never diagnosed, as it is both often completely asymptomatic, and difficult to spot on the usual imaging modalities. The symptoms of a Meckel's d…
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Dermoid cysts are a common occurrence and a common spot diagnosis that you'll be quizzed on in clinic! Always present at birth, but often picked up later, most cutaneous dermoid cysts are harmless, but occasionally, they may grow over time and develop complications. Tune in to learn how to tell them apart from other cutaneous lesions, their managem…
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Noonan syndrome is one of the most common genetic conditions we see in paeds. It is most typically characterised by certain facial features, short stature, congenital heart defects and developmental delay. Noonan syndrome is caused by a mutation in a single gene, however there are quite a few possible genes that can be responsible. Vision and heari…
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Juvenile dermatomyositis, or JDM is a rare autoimmune myopathy. In their first episode back after sitting specialty exams, Freya and Anne use a case to help explain what JDM is, as well as presentation, treatment and diagnosis (plus a couple of tangents about their day to day work as doctors!). Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our e…
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MCAD deficiency is a fatty acid oxidation disorder. It is a hereditary disease that is caused by a missing enzyme needed to convert fat into energy. Children with MCAD deficiency therefore cannot fast for very long without developing hypoglycaemia, which can cause brain damage or even death. This is because they cannot use fat and hence ketones as …
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Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is a hereditary quantitative deficiency or functional abnormality of von Willebrand factor (VWF), which causes platelet dysfunction. Bleeding tendency is usually mild in the most common types, but it can be severe and present with factor VIII deficiency as well as platelet dysfunction in the rarer subtypes. It is diagno…
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In this episode, we take the podcast in a slightly different direction by discussing a non-clinical topic! The news is out, Anne has changed specialty! But what has she changed to? Why did she do it? What is a day in the life of her new specialty like? What's next? Tune in now to hear the answers to all these questions and more! More importantly, w…
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Cleft lip and palate are congenital anomalies that can occur together or separately. In cleft lip, the affected lip is always the top lip, and these entities can occur together or just one or the other. Management involves surgery, but in this episode we cover an overview of the presentation and the roles of different multidisciplinary team members…
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On this week's episode, we feature Dr. Laura Tate and Dr. Stormie De Groot in our first podcast takeover! Tune in for a truly enlightening discussion between Laura, Stormie and their special guest Dr. Karen Kiang, as they explore the contribution medicine makes to climate change, as well as the things we can do to help alter this course. This podca…
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Febrile neutropaenia is an emergency situation that can occur in patients with cancer. It is when they have very low levels of the white blood cell neutrophils, plus a fever. The main concern when these two things go together is that the person can easily and quickly develop sepsis. Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is your…
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Fever is a common feature in paediatric presentations to health services. Because it's so common, it's vital to have an approach that will ensure that you have your bases covered. This episode is one way in which you can assess the child with a fever, as well as investigations to consider. Links and resources: Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingri…
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Medulloblastomas are the most common malignant brain tumour in children. They arise from embryonal neuroepithelial cells and are usually located in the cerebellum, which can cause cerebellar signs. Due to its location, the tumour can also compress the 4th ventricle, causing hydrocephalus. Definitive diagnosis is based on histology from surgical res…
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Congenital pulmonary airway malformations, also known as CPAM, are masses of abnormal lung tissue that form antenatally. They were until recently known as CCAMs, or congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation. Affected patients may present with respiratory distress in the newborn period or may remain asymptomatic until later in life. Many cases are …
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Patent ductus arteriosus is when the ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth. This causes a left to right shunt in the heart, where oxygenated blood passes through the duct and into the lungs instead out into the systemic circulation. A large enough shunt typically presents one of two major ways: Early on in the first few weeks of life with pu…
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Paracetamol is the world's most widely used over the counter analgesic. It is also therefore a common medication in overdose, whether accidental or intentional. In this episode, we go through the presentation and management of paracetamol. Links and resources: Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmail.…
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Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome occurs when someone has an accessory pathway through which electrical signals can travel in the heart and bypass the AV node or travel backwards from the ventricles to the atria. WPW can cause supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias. The definitive treatment is ablation of the accessory pathway. Links and resour…
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The newborn hearing screen is a test conducted on all newborn babies with the aim of early detection of possible hearing problems. In this episode, we discuss how this screen works, the possible results, risk factors for hearing loss, and more. Links and resources: Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@g…
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Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a type of juvenile idiopathic arthritis than can occur in children. The classic features are polyarthritis, quotidien fever, evanescent rash, serositis like pericarditis or pleuritis, lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@g…
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Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a gastrointestinal condition that occurs when the duodenum is compressed between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery. This causes an obstruction of the duodenum, and can be significantly debilitating. In this episode, we cover the pathophysiology, presentation, management and more. Links and res…
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Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (or ABPA) is a hypersensitivity reaction that some people get in response to having the mould aspergillus in their lungs. It is most often seen in people with asthma or cystic fibrosis. Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmail.com Make sure you hit SUBSCRIBE/FOL…
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Erb's palsy affects the upper limb when the brachial plexus is damaged, with the most common reason being traumatic delivery. Although it generally resolves over time, some more serious injuries of the brachial plexus can occur. In this episode, we discuss Erb's palsy and its management. Links and resources: Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrigh…
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Mesenteric adenitis is a common condition affecting children and teenagers. It is caused by the enlargement of lymph nodes in response to an infection, generally a viral one. It is quite painful and can be mistaken for appendicitis - however it is also a diagnosis of exclusion! In this episode we discuss how mesenteric adenitis presents, the aetiol…
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Mesenteric adenitis is a common condition affecting children and teenagers. It is caused by the enlargement of lymph nodes in response to an infection, generally a viral one. It is quite painful and can be mistaken for appendicitis - however it is also a diagnosis of exclusion! In this episode we discuss how mesenteric adenitis presents, the aetiol…
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Williams syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a microdeletion in chromosome 7. This can cause things like cardiac anomalies, hypercalcaemia and intellectual disability, and it is associated with distinctive facial features and personality. Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmail.com (This isn’t i…
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a genetic conditions where you get hypertrophy of the heart muscles, particularly the left ventricle and often the interventricular septum. This causes diastolic dysfunction as the thickened, stiff ventricles can’t fill with blood properly. In some cases, people also get outflow tracts obstruction in the left ventricl…
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Following on from our recent episode on assessing head injuries, we discuss concussion. A concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury which temporarily alters brain function. It's really common - about 20% of children will have one by the age of 10. In this episode, we discuss why kids are more likely to have a concussion, how to assess a child wit…
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Alagille syndrome is a genetic disorder that can affect a variety of organs. In the liver it causes a lack of bile ducts to drain bile out of the liver and hence the bile builds up and causes liver damage. It can also affect other parts of the body like the heart, eyes, bones and kidneys. Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email i…
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Head injuries are a common presenting complaint in kids. They can be a source of major concern for parents and clinicians alike. 1-2% of presentations to paediatric emergency services are head injuries of varying severity, although most are minor. In this episode, we cover the assessment of head injuries and how to decide whether imaging or other i…
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Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome is a rare cause of peptic ulcer disease. It is when gastrin-producing tumours called gastrinomas cause excess production of stomach acid. The excess acid damages the lining of the stomach and duodenum, leading to ulcers. Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmail.com (This isn…
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A tongue tie is where the piece of tissue under the tongue, called a frenulum, is tighter than usual. They are found in about 3% of babies, and are more common in boys. Although it was previously common practice to release tongue ties, further research has demonstrated that not all babies with a tongue tie require release, and indeed many babies wi…
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The adrenal glands are part of your endocrine system and release some really important hormones! Broadly, the cortex produces steroid hormones (i.e. aldosterone, cortisol and androgens) and the medulla produces catecholamines (i.e. adrenaline and noradrenaline). In this episode we discuss the structure and function of the adrenals and the hormones …
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Helicobacter pylori is a bacteria that causes inflammation of the stomach and duodenum lining. It is most often acquired in early childhood and causes some sub-clinical gastritis but usually doesn’t cause overt symptoms until later in life when it can present with peptic ulcers, iron deficiency anaemia and certain cancers. Treatment is with oral an…
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Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe skin and other body system manifestations of immune hypersensitivity, typically in response to medications and, more commonly in kids, infections. They used to be thought of as different conditions but now we think of them as occurring on a spectrum, according to how muc…
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Parenteral nutrition (PN) is the process of giving someone their nutrition intravenously. It is given when someone’s digestive tract isn’t working properly so they can’t get their energy/nutrient/fluid needs enterally (via the GIT). Today we will discuss: What is in the PN bags? Why someone might need PN What are the complications Follow us on Inst…
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Hypokalaemia is a low serum potassium levels. In paediatrics, see it most commonly in the setting of GI losses, but there are many other causes to be aware of too. The big thing that we worry about with hypokalaemia is the potential development of cardiac arrhythmias, which may be life threatening. In this episode, we go through some of the importa…
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Iron studies can be tricky to interpret – many people struggle with it. Today, we go through what each part of the iron studies mean, how these levels may be impacted, when to do iron studies and when the levels may be spurious. Links and resources: Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/yourekiddingrigh…
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Bilious vomiting in any child or baby is an urgent matter requiring further workup and management as a matter of priority. This is because bilious vomiting is an initial sign of intestinal obstruction, and a missed obstruction could have catastrophic consequences. In this episode, we focus on bilious vomiting in neonates, which is a presentation th…
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In this episode we discuss: Developmental milestones Red flags Primitive reflexes Feeding Sleep Weight Growth Teething Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmail.com Make sure you hit SUBSCRIBE/FOLLOW so you don’t miss out on any pearls of wisdom and RATE if you can to help other people find us! (This i…
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Trisomy 21, or Down Syndrome, is the most common chromosomal abnormality in live births. Some of the most common issues associated with it are cardiac defects, intellectual disability and low muscle tone. Overall, prognosis has come a very long way in the past few decades. Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingri…
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Acute otitis media is an extremely common infection in kids - 75% of children have at least one episode by school age. In fact, 50% of kids have had at least 3 episodes of AOM by the time they are 3 years. Generally, it doesn't require antibiotic therapy, but there are some cases in which antibiotic therapy is recommended. In this episode, we go th…
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Tumour lysis syndrome is an oncologic emergency. It happens when cancer cells release their intracellular contents into the bloodstream which can cause a variety or serious complications. Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmail.com Make sure you hit SUBSCRIBE/FOLLOW so you don’t miss out on any pearl…
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IgA nephropathy is a cause of glomerulonephritis and is the most common chronic glomerular disease in children. Like the name suggests, it is characterised by kidney damage due to IgA (an immunoglobulin) which deposits in complexes in the kidney. The classic presentation is recurrent episodes of macroscopic haematuria a couple of days after the ons…
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Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is a peripheral neuropathy i.e. it affects the nerves of the peripheral nervous system. This results in motor and sensory deficits. It’s inherited although there are many potential causative mutations. The disease is progressive, but very slowly. Most patients have a normal life expectancy. Follow us on Instagram @yourek…
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In a lumbar puncture (LP), a needle is inserted into the lumbar subarachnoid space to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for laboratory testing, to measure CSF pressure, and sometimes to give intrathecal medications. Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/yourekiddingrightpod-107273607638323/ Our email is…
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Haemolytic uraemic syndrome is one of the most common causes of acute renal failure in children. The classic triad of HUS includes haemolytic anaemia, low platelet count and acute kidney injury. It is most often triggered by recent gastroenteritis from Shiga-like toxin producing E. coli. Management is largely supportive, focusing on managing hypert…
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Congenital dermal melanocytosis (also known as blue spots, or by the outdated term "Mongolian blue spots") are common birth marks in infants of Asian and Polynesian descent, but can be found in other ethnic groups too. They are less common in Caucasian infants. They can be mistaken for bruises, raising concerns around non accidental injury, which m…
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