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Chap-XIV-Verse-09-16
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VERSE 9
??????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?
???????????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?
sattvam sukhe sanjayati
rajah karmani bharata
jnanam avrtya tu tamah
pramade sanjayaty uta
SYNONYMS
sattvam—mode of goodness; sukhe—in happiness; sañjayati—develops; raja?—mode of passion; karma?i—fruits of activities; bh?rata—O son of Bharata; jñ?nam—knowledge; ?v?tya—covering; tu—but; tama?—the mode of ignorance; pram?de—in madness; sañjayati—develops; uta—it is said.
TRANSLATION
The mode of goodness conditions one to happiness, passion conditions him to the fruits of action, and ignorance to madness.
VERSE 10
??????????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?
??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?
rajas tamas cabhibhuya
sattvam bhavati bharata
rajah sattvam tamas caiva
tamah sattvam rajas tatha
SYNONYMS
raja?—mode of passion; tama?—mode of ignorance; ca—also; abhibh?ya—also surpassing; sattvam—mode of goodness; bhavati—becomes prominent; bh?rata—O son of Bharata; raja?—mode of passion; sattvam—mode of goodness; tama?—mode of ignorance; ca—also; eva—like that; tama?—mode of ignorance; sattvam—mode of goodness; raja?—mode of passion; tath?—as in this.
TRANSLATION
Sometimes the mode of passion becomes prominent, defeating the mode of goodness, O son of Bharata. And sometimes the mode of goodness defeats passion, and at other times the mode of ignorance defeats goodness and passion. In this way there is always competition for supremacy.
VERSE 11
???????????? ????????????????? ??????? ?
?????? ??? ??? ???????????????? ????????????? ?
sarva-dvaresu dehe ‘smin
prakasa upajayate
jnanam yada tada vidyad
vivrddham sattvam ity uta
SYNONYMS
sarva-dv?re?u—all the gates; dehe asmin—in this body; prak??a?—quality of illumination; upaj?yate—develops; jñ?nam—knowledge; yad?—when; tad?—at that time; vidy?t—must know; viv?ddham—increased; sattvam—mode of goodness; iti—thus; uta—said.
TRANSLATION
The manifestations of the mode of goodness can be experienced when all the gates of the body are illuminated by knowledge.
VERSE 12
???? ???????????????? ?????????? ?????? ?
?????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?
lobhah pravrttir arambhah
karmanam asamah sprha
rajasy etani jayante
vivrddhe bharatarsabha
SYNONYMS
lobha?—greed; prav?tti?—hankering; ?rambha?—endeavor; karma??m—of activities; a?ama?—uncontrollable; sp?h?—desire; rajasi—in the mode of passion; et?ni—all this; j?yante—develop; viv?ddhe—when there is excess; bharatar?abha—O chief of the descendants of Bharata.
TRANSLATION
O chief of the Bh?ratas, when there is an increase in the mode of passion, the symptoms of great attachment, uncontrollable desire, hankering, and intense endeavor develop.
VERSE 13
????????????????????? ??????? ??? ?? ? ?
?????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?
aprakaso ‘pravrttis ca
pramado moha eva ca
tamasy etani jayante
vivrddhe kuru-nandana
SYNONYMS
aprak??a?—darkness; aprav?tti?—inactivity; ca—and; pram?da?—madness; moha?—illusion; eva—certainly; ca—also; tamasi—of the mode of ignorance; et?ni—these; j?yante—are manifested; viv?ddhe—is developed; kuru-nandana—O son of Kuru.
TRANSLATION
O son of Kuru, when there is an increase in the mode of ignorance madness, illusion, inertia and darkness are manifested.
VERSE 14
??? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ?
???????????? ????????????????????? ?
yada sattve pravrddhe tu
pralayam yati deha-bhrt
tadottama-vidam lokan
amalan pratipadyate
SYNONYMS
yad?—when; sattve—mode of goodness; prav?ddhe—in development; tu—but; pralayam—dissolution; y?ti—goes; deha-bh?t—embodied; tad?—at that time; uttama-vid?m—of the great sages; lok?n—the planets; amal?n—pure; pratipadyate—attains.
TRANSLATION
When one dies in the mode of goodness, he attains to the pure higher planets.
VERSE 15
???? ?????? ????? ??????????? ????? ?
??? ???????????? ????????? ????? ?
rajasi pralayam gatva
karma-sangisu jayate
tatha pralinas tamasi
mudha-yonisu jayate
SYNONYMS
rajasi—in passion; pralayam—dissolution; gatv?—attaining; karma-sa?gi?u—in the association of fruitive activities; j?yate—takes birth; tath?—thereafter; pral?na?—being dissolved; tamasi—in ignorance; m??ha—animal; yoni?u—species; j?yate—take birth.
TRANSLATION
When one dies in the mode of passion, he takes birth among those engaged in fruitive activities; and when he dies in the mode of ignorance, he takes birth in the animal kingdom.
VERSE 16
?????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?
??????? ??? ??????????? ???? ????? ?
karmanah sukrtasyahuh
sattvikam nirmalam phalam
rajasas tu phalam duhkham
ajnanam tamasah phalam
SYNONYMS
karma?a?—of work; suk?tasya—in the mode of goodness; ?hu?—said; s?ttvikam—mode of goodness; nirmalam—purified; phalam—result; rajasa?—of the mode of passion; tu—but; phalam—result; du?kham—misery; ajñ?nam—nonsense; tamasa?—of the mode of ignorance; phalam—result.
TRANSLATION
By acting in the mode of goodness, one becomes purified. Works done in the mode of passion result in distress, and actions performed in the mode of ignorance result in foolishness.
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