Matthew 3:2

BIBLE IN TEN

Monday, 26 August 2024

and saying, “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand!” Matthew 3:2

“and saying, ‘Reconsider! For it has neared – the kingdom of the heavens’” (CG).

In the previous verse, John the Baptist was introduced, noting that he came proclaiming in the wilderness of Judea. The words now continue with his message. He was proclaiming “and saying, ‘Reconsider!’”

The Greek verb metanoeó is introduced here. It is almost always translated as “repent,” a word that has such a different meaning in today’s society that it is no longer acceptable as a translation. The word comes from meta, with, and noeó, to exercise the mind, such as in observing or comprehending. Thus, the word signifies “‘think differently after,’ ‘after a change of mind’” (HELPS Word Studies).

It thus signifies a mental assertion that the thought process has been incorrect and needs to be adjusted. To get the sense, imagine being a Democrat who supports abortion, thinking that a woman’s right to choose trumps the right to life that was generated in her womb. One day this person realizes that her stand is completely immoral and perverse. She then changes her mind about her stand.

It deals with the mind, not the actions. Any actions would follow from the change of mind but are not necessarily a required condition of that change. A person who mentally supports abortion but who never participated in an abortion and who will never face such a decision would not have any actions to back up the change of mind.

Ellicott says, “Etymologically, the word ‘repent,’ which has as its root-meaning the sense of pain, is hardly adequate as a rendering for the Greek word, which implies change of mind and purpose. In the Greek version of the Old Testament, the word is used of divine rather than human repentance, i.e., of a change of purpose implying pity and regret.”

Cambridge says, “The original implies more than ‘feel sorrow or regret for sin,’ it is rather ‘change the life, the heart, the motive for action.’ It was a call to self-examination and reality of life.” Note: as long as “change the life” means a change in the inner disposition, this analysis is correct.

Bengel says, “A lovely word (see verses 8, 11), implying change your disposition, put on a disposition royal, heavenly, worthy the kingdom of heaven.”

Vincent’s Word Studies says, “A word compounded of the preposition μετά [meta], after, with; and the verb νοέω [noeó], to perceive, and to think, as the result of perceiving or observing. In this compound the preposition combines the two meanings of time and change, which may be denoted by after and different; so that the whole compound means to think differently after. Μετάνοια (repentance [reconsideration]) is therefore, primarily, an after-thought, different from the former thought; then, a change of mind which issues in regret and in change of conduct. These latter ideas, however, have been imported into the word by scriptural usage, and do not lie in it etymologically nor by primary usage. Repentance, then, has been rightly defined as ‘Such a virtuous alteration of the mind and purpose as begets a like virtuous change in the life and practice.’ Sorrow is not, as is popularly conceived, the primary nor the prominent notion of the word. Paul distinguishes between sorrow (λύπη) and repentance (μετάνοια), and puts the one as the outcome of the other. ‘Godly sorrow worketh repentance [reconsidering]’ (2 Corinthians 7:10).” Note: Vincent’s is careful to distinguish the actual meaning and its common use. Any change that takes place in a person is the result of the mental reconsideration, not a part of it.

Each of these explanations shows that a change in life follows, not precedes or is necessarily in conjunction with, a change of mind. Logically, it must be this way. Of this reconsideration, John the Baptist next says, “For it has neared – the kingdom of the heavens.”

The word “heavens” is plural, following the Hebrew word shamayim, heavens. This phrase is used many times by Matthew and is unique to his gospel. He is expressing the Hebrew thought, demonstrating that his epistle is particularly directed toward the Hebrew or Semitic mindset. Vincent’s Word Studies does an excellent job of explaining the phrase –

“It is a kingdom of heaven because its origin, its end, its king, the character and destiny of its subjects, its laws, institutions, and privileges - all are heavenly. In the teaching of Christ and in the apostolic writings the kingdom of the Messiah is the actual consummation of the prophetic idea of the rule of God, without any national limitation, so that participation therein rests only on faith in Jesus Christ, and on the moral renewal which is conditioned by the same. It is the combination of all rights of Christian citizenship in this world, and eternal blessedness in the next. All its senses are only different sides of the same great idea - the subjection of all things to God in Christ.”

This is correct. His words “without any national limitation” mean exactly what Paul explains in Galatians –

“For you are all sons of God through faith in Christ Jesus. 27 For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ. 28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is neither male nor female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus. 29 And if you are Christ’s, then you are Abraham’s seed, and heirs according to the promise” Galatians 3:26-29

In this kingdom, such distinctions – even if there are these differences – are eliminated. This new economy in the redemptive scenario was coming. John the Baptist was the one to prepare the nation of Israel for the Messiah who would establish it.

Life application: Today, people use the word repentance in a manner that is synonymous with, “remove the sin from your life.” In other words, “You must do this before your salvation is realized.” This is an incorrect and harmful addition to the gospel based on a misinterpretation and misapplication of the word “repent,” which is now different from what it once meant.

The meaning of words often changes over time. For example, the words awesome and awful used to be essentially synonymous. However, this began to change. Now, awesome signifies something marvelous or wonderful while awful signifies something very bad, bordering on terrible.

This is what has happened to the word “repent” in the church today. It has been so misapplied that it no longer means to reconsider but to repair through action. The problem with this is that it makes the idea of repentance one of “fixing your life of sin before God will accept you.” That is not the biblical understanding of salvation. Though a descriptive passage, the account in Acts 10 reveals this –

“While Peter was still speaking these words, the Holy Spirit fell upon all those who heard the word. 45 And those of the circumcision who believed were astonished, as many as came with Peter, because the gift of the Holy Spirit had been poured out on the Gentiles also. 46 For they heard them speak with tongues and magnify God.” Acts 10:44-46

Likewise, Paul says –

“And you also were included in Christ when you heard the message of truth, the gospel of your salvation. When you believed, you were marked in him with a seal, the promised Holy Spirit, 14 who is a deposit guaranteeing our inheritance until the redemption of those who are God’s possession—to the praise of his glory.” Ephesians 1:13, 14

The process of salvation is to hear the word, believe it is so through reconsideration of who Jesus is and what He has done, or reconsideration of who God is and what He has done. The reconsideration is based upon past understanding and a new faith, not on a change in lifestyle. And change in lifestyle is subsequent to this change in mental thought.

Think it through – how many things are Christians to do or not to do as detailed in the epistles? The answer is “a lot.” However, there are those who have been in Christ for many years and who have never learned the Bible. They have not had a change in action even though they are saved.

Logically, one must know what pleases God before he can do it. Thus, to expect a change in action without even knowing what that change is cannot be a condition for salvation. Belief (faith alone) must be the only condition for salvation. To say otherwise is to present a false gospel. If you are presenting a false gospel you must reconsider!

Lord God, may we be careful to never add to the gospel of our salvation as we proclaim it to others. What we are asked for is faith in what Christ has done, not in what we must do. Once we believe, we can spend whatever time it takes to then be obedient to the things laid out in Your word. Help us, Lord, to not assume we can merit our salvation through our own deeds. Amen.