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Health Comm Central

Karen Hilyard, Ph.D.

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Real results to improve health outcomes and health equity begin with behavioral science. Public health communication strategist Karen Hilyard, Ph.D. will help you unpack behavior change theories & frameworks and apply them in practical ways to build a kick-ass health communication toolkit. Create more effective, engaging, evidence-based messages & campaigns to transform not only individual behaviors, but the policies and systems that impact social determinants of health.
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In Part Two of my conversation with Sandra Crouse Quinn, we talk about COVID and trust, plus future challenges when it comes to increasing health equity. Dr. Quinn and her colleague Stephen Thomas were two of the first researchers to shine a light on the impact the Tuskegee syphilis experiment had on trust in the African-American community — and by…
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For most people in public health today, the role that trust — or more accurately, distrust — often plays in racial health disparities may seem obvious. When both lived experience and research confirm that implicit and intentional bias in the system have resulted in real harm, it’s a rational response to be wary or distrustful. However, for years af…
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While effective teachers and professors consider adult learning theory one of the go-to frameworks for curriculum development, you may not realize how useful it can be, and how well-researched it is, in the world of health promotion and health communication. This episode takes a look at six of the basic principles of adult learning theory that ever…
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So often when we consider health disparities in a population, we focus on what is wrong or deficient — the barriers to good health. But what if instead we gathered wisdom from people and communities who are exceptions to the rule, then tried to replicate the conditions that enable them to be successful? This is what the “positive deviance” framewor…
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Wrapping up our series on media, today we look at four more media relations essentials that can help you earn media coverage: Op-eds, letters to the editor; becoming a go-to resource for journalists; and convening an editorial board meeting. Along with the earlier parts of our series on media, these are tools you probably didn’t learn about in your…
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Every day, television and radio shows across the country have thousands of interview slots to fill during live programming and they are hungry for people who can fill those slots. If you’re not taking advantage of these guest interviews as a chance to get your message out, you’re missing an excellent source of earned media coverage. In the third ep…
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This is the second in our short series unlocking the secrets of media relations and earning media coverage. Today’s episode is all about the timeless power of the press release. Is it old school? Absolutely. Is it still effective? Without a doubt. . If you are not regularly creating and sending out press releases, you may be missing a huge opportun…
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The value of the PESO for your health communication work may be far greater than you think… if you’re talking about the PESO Model created by public relations professional by Gini Dietrich. In this episode, we unpack the four types of media in the acronym PESO—paid, earned, shared, and owned—and the role each one plays in an effective communication…
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What can we learn from an old guy in a toga about communication? Centuries worth of what makes an effective message, it turns out — if that old guy is Aristotle. This episode unpacks the three appeals that the Greek philosopher Aristotle identified in 330 BCE as the three fundamental elements of persuasive communication: ethos, pathos, and logos – …
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Key informant interviews (often called KIIs and also known as in-depth interviews or IDIs) can provide insights about your audiences, your messages, and your campaigns. KIIs can be one of the easiest and lowest-cost types of data-gathering available. Although working with an experienced researcher and facilitator is best if it’s possible, research …
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If the behavior you are trying to promote involves any social influences (and most do—to some extent!) you may wonder whether a “social norms” campaign or intervention is the right approach. In this episode, we talk about the difference between social norms as researchers identify them and other constructs like customs, habits, or laws, plus how no…
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By now, almost everyone has heard of ChatGPT and other artificial intelligence apps. But if you’re a health communicator and you are not actively using them, you’re missing out. In this episode, we talk about five ways to use ChatGPT right now, along with some additional things to aspire to. Plus, we discuss key concerns about AI and how to use it …
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Research has shown that behavioral intention is a fairly good predictor of behavior… but what about when it’s not? For many people with executive function impairments — which includes not only many individuals who are neurodivergent, but also people with mood disorders, mental illness, physical illness, cognitive impairment, and even people under s…
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The Theory of Reasoned Action/Theory of Planned Behavior (TRA/TPB) is one of the classics of behavioral theory… but what does it offer that some of the other “classics” we’ve explored — like Social Cognitive Theory and the Health Belief Model — do not? In this episode, we look at the constructs of the TPB, some of its pros and cons, and discuss whe…
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Theories and frameworks are an essential part of planning and evaluating campaigns and interventions. (If you’re not sure why, stop right now and go back to Episode 2, where we lay out the many reasons that “nothing is more practical than a good theory.”) But there are a bewildering number of options! How do you know what’s available and appropriat…
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One of the first frameworks to put the individual in the context of all the factors that influence behavior — including policies, systems, and environments — was the Social Ecological Model, sometimes also referred to as the Socioecological Model. Its nested design is a great way to think about the big picture and to conceptualize multi-level campa…
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Almost everywhere you turn in health communication—really, in any kind of communication — you’ll find Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) at the root of some pretty fundamental truths about how human behavior is influenced by others and by the world around us. While you may never have worked on a campaign or intervention that was specifically designed wi…
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Getting a new idea, policy, or behavior to take hold and be widely adopted is a complex and often slow process. Even great ideas often fail to catch on. But a better understanding of the process people follow in considering and adopting new ideas can give you an edge, making it more likely the idea will spread across individuals or communities. And…
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In the last (really!) of this brief series on social marketing, we look at the strategic approach that is most commonly used in social marketing: Making a behavior seem easier, more fun, or more popular than whatever competing behavior people are currently engaged in. Most of the time, when a campaign doesn’t live up to expectations, it’s because i…
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Audience research is absolutely essential to the social marketing process. Unless you truly know the audience’s values and needs, you cannot craft a strategy to exchange a new healthier behavior for a competing behavior. In this episode, we discuss some of the obstacles to audience research and how you can do audience research on a shoestring. We a…
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A premise of social marketing is “every behavior is a transaction.” It’s actually an idea that is well understood in sociology, psychology, and communication, but to the uninitiated, it can sound pretty harsh. But transactional behaviors are not what you think! In social marketing, thinking of a behavior as a transaction really just means that a re…
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In this second episode of our brief series on social marketing, we look at the theory that underpins it: Exchange Theory. Understanding how to apply Exchange Theory will help you choose the right message for an audience based on what you know about their basic needs and values. (Bonus: It can even work in your personal life too, when you’d like tha…
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The concept of Product and Price from the Four Ps of Marketing can be confusing when you’re new to social marketing. What’s your product if you are just trying to persuade someone to change their behavior? And what is the price if no money changes hands? This episode is the first in a brief series on social marketing, breaking down these two critic…
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If you’re serious about health equity, you have to get serious about plain language. Today’s episode was inspired by a great new plain language resource just released by the Public Health Communication Collaborative. It covers many of the basics you need to know – and is a great model itself for plain language principles. But in this episode, we ta…
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In a world of competing messages and disinformation, wouldn’t it be great if you could protect your audience against the influence of conflicting or unhealthy information they may encounter – almost the way a vaccination protects your body from diseases it encounters? The good news is, you can: Inoculation Theory supports the idea that being upfron…
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McGuire’s Input-Output Matrix, also called the Communication-Persuasion Matrix (1999), is a simple but powerful communication framework you can use to methodically analyze key elements in a message or campaign and track how effective they are at persuading your audience. In this episode we unpack both the inputs and the outputs so you can use it to…
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If you work in public health, you are most likely well aware of the concepts of structural, systemic, and institutional racism and their impact on people’s ability to live long and healthy lives. How do you get more comfortable with explaining these concepts to other people outside public health, especially audiences whose help you need to implemen…
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Getting to the root cause of health disparities is essential because campaigns and interventions to change individual behavior will not be effective if the real problem requires a change in policies, systems, or the environment (or surrounding conditions) in which people live, work, and play. Root cause solutions are also more sustainable, since th…
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This brief holiday message will point you toward a couple of past episodes that may be helpful to you over the next few weeks. We also look at what’s coming in 2023 for Health Comm Central! We’ll be on hiatus for the holidays for a couple of weeks here at Health Comm Central, but we have lots of good stuff in store when we resume in January! Happy …
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Even though Policy, Systems, and Environmental Change is about the context and not the individual, the secret to achieving PSE Change may be using individual behavior change theory. That’s because changing laws, policies, and community conditions still requires persuading individual decision-makers to engage in new behaviors to support, fund, and i…
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Part One of Health Comm Central’s first series! Over the next few weeks we will be looking at research and recommendations related to Social Determinants of Health, one of the foundational frameworks we consider when developing health communication strategy and training. Today’s episode focuses on the language we choose to talk about SDOH, health e…
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In Part Two of our two-part series about building trust and reducing polarization with the Change Conversation Cycle communication framework, we talk with its creator, Karin Tamerius, M.D. about how it could scale up, its potential for evaluation, and her thoughts on the challenges ahead to rebuild trust and reduce polarization around public health…
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For years now many families have avoided talking politics at the Thanksgiving table. But thanks to the politicization of science in the COVID era, now even our public health work may seem off limits for discussion with Angry Uncles or Conspiracy-Theory Cousins. But that could all change this holiday season if you give the Change Conversation Cycle …
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A campaign or intervention is only as successful as the weakest link in the chain of steps involved. A critical final step after you’ve created your logic model or strategic plan is to take a hard look at every link in the chain to spot potential failure points. We talk about how to anticipate, mitigate, and evaluate the things that could go wrong …
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Can you tell a data story without using numbers? Sometimes, yes – you can! Too often in public health we try to cram too many precise numbers into a message, making it more difficult to process and reducing its impact. In this episode, we talk about the importance of being a little less precise, and how we can still provide the data that both lay a…
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Two names, so many uses! Every health communicator needs to be familiar with this go-to framework for segmenting audiences by their readiness for behavior change: the Transtheoretical (AKA “Stages of Change”) Model. Designed to be combined with other theories and frameworks, it’s the little black dress of health behavior theory: despite some limita…
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Our audiences may be over it, but COVID isn’t over for public health communicators. Of course, wastewater virus levels are increasing, new variants are on the horizon, hundreds of people are still dying each day, and Long COVID is disabling millions. But pandemic fatigue is everywhere, and 1/3 of Americans still aren’t fully vaccinated. So how do w…
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You’ve heard of starter homes? Well, this is your starter theory: the Health Belief Model. We take a look at what has made this grandaddy of all health behavior frameworks so popular and what you need to know about some of its key components. We’ll also talk about the limitations that may make you want to move beyond it as you become more fluent wi…
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What has enabled tech companies in Silicon Valley like Apple or Google to be agile and innovative and to lead the world developing new technologies? Design Thinking – an evidence-based approach to problem-finding and problem-solving that was born in the Stanford University design school and has been widely used in the tech sector to find faster, mo…
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Even when people perceive a health risk as a real threat to their well-being or safety, their decision to follow public health guidance may come down to one factor: self-efficacy – the knowledge, skill, access, and confidence they must have to feel capable of “getting the job done.” Beginning with the Extended Parallel Process Model, we unpack self…
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In public health, we are up against any number of “wicked problems” – challenges so complicated and entrenched and sometimes, so polarizing – that they seem almost impossible to solve. Exactly the kinds of problems that systems thinking was designed to address. In this introduction to one of the fundamental approaches we use at Health Comm Central,…
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Behavioral economics starts with the premise that humans often make terrible decisions: because we – all of us - are emotional, lazy, don’t like change, and often have faulty logic. But instead of trying to change people, behavioral economics works WITH human nature instead of against it. In our ongoing series of introductions to the foundational f…
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Do you need to develop a brand? The answer might be yes, IF you want audiences to build a long-term relationship with your organization, intervention, or campaign. But creating a brand is a lot like a romance: to inspire passion and have a healthy “relationship,” it must feel reciprocal and your brand needs to prove that it’s a good partner. This e…
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If you’ve worked in public health for a while, you’ve heard of social marketing. But if you’re like many health communicators, you may not know exactly what it is or how it’s different than an ordinary public health campaign. You may even secretly wonder if it has something to do with Facebook or Twitter. Or perhaps you’re looking for a way to desc…
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Understanding social determinants of health (SDOH) is fundamental to the work we do in public health to ensure that people can live their healthiest lives. But it can sometimes be hard to explain social determinants fully and succinctly to people outside our field. Whether you are searching for the words to help teach others or you are new to publi…
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Preparing a crisis plan is critical, but have you laid the foundation by conducting a crisis audit? Using the baby formula crisis as background, we share a 6 step process for determining your worst case crisis scenario and your most likely scenario. Get your organization focused on the data, partnerships, systems, and yes, of course – the messages …
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The key to social movements that change norms is not overpowering our opponents but shifting support away from them. Today we’ll talk about an audience segmentation framework called the Spectrum of Allies that can help you choose the right strategies and tactics to move people closer to your position one incremental step at a time. We’ll talk about…
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Evidence-based theories and frameworks are the scaffolding every public health intervention and campaign should rest on. Behavioral theory, communication theory, process models, conceptual frameworks… We love theory at Health Comm Central not just because we’re nerdy like that, but because in the words of a very famous scholar who we’ll talk about …
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The hostility some of us in public health have experienced over the last couple of years from science-deniers can be pretty demoralizing at times. In today’s episode, we’re going to explore the roots of anti-science bias, the playbook that anti-science propagandists use, and talk about some tools you can use to bridge gaps and more effectively comm…
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Real results to improve health outcomes and health equity start with behavioral science. Each week, public health professional and longtime communication strategist Karen Hilyard, Ph.D. will help you unpack behavior change theories and frameworks and apply them in practical ways to build a kick-ass health communication toolkit. Whether you’re a hea…
  continue reading
 
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