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Each month, EMedHome.com presents EMCast, the 90-minute podcast hosted by Dr. Amal Mattu, the premier educator in Emergency Medicine. Subscribe to EMedHome.com for an array of clinical content that will impact every shift.
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I'm Paul from PassACLS.com and I'm here to help you pass ACLS. Like an audio flash card, this podcast is intended to aid any medical professional preparing for an Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) class. Each one-to-nine minute episode covers one of the skills needed to recognize a stroke or cardiac emergency and work as a high performing team to deliver safe, quality patient care. Listening to a tip a day for 14-30 days prior to your ACLS class will help cement the core concepts t ...
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I'm a board certified Emergency Medicine physician and would like to share my expertise to help connect healthcare with the real world. One focus I have is the constant fight against misinformation. Join me for quick hitting and trending topics in healthcare to get the real story. A true inside look into healthcare. This podcast, social media content, and website contains the opinions of Dr. John Parente. It does not represent the opinions or interests of any corporations or hospitals for wh ...
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Dr. Carisa Hines is the founder of Freeman Moore Medical Consultants, a full spectrum disability consultation practice. She is a native of Norfolk, Virginia, and is a proud graduate of Booker T Washington HS. Dr. Hines completed her undergraduate degree in Biological Chemistry at the University if Virginia. She graduated from Meharry Medical College, and subsequently completed her residency at Atlanta Medical Center in Internal Medicine. Since completing residency, she has worked in Emergenc ...
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State of the art information on natural medicine and the expressive arts for the best healthcare possible to build your immune system, and heal from lingering trauma! Most of the first 30 episodes explored the basis for Dr Heather's new book, Surviving A Viral Pandemic Through the Lens of a Naturopathic Medical Doctor. We also have started to venture into her upcoming book, Transforming Trauma, a drugless and creative path to healing PTSD. Dr Heather speaks with top people in the field - doc ...
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Life can be compared to a voyage, Christopher Columbus set sail with his fleet on one of his many voyages from the ports of Spain. On the way to his destination the fleet encountered heavy rain, dark electrically filled skies, hurricane force winds, and the raging wrath of the angry seas, all in the hopes of finding riches and glory when they arrived at their destination in the New World. So is the life of each and every one of us. Like Christoper Columbus each one of our lives has a destina ...
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Paramedic training is over, you’re in the front seat now. Whether day 1 or day 1,000 you can’t shake the fear you’re underprepared. You were taught to systematically decide if A... do B. But what if “A” wasn’t in the book? The truth is each emergency call is too unique to teach the right response to every situation. We need to go beyond algorithmic thinking and understand deeper principles, the WHY behind the algorithm. When every decision counts you want to rely on a framework that will gui ...
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show series
 
Contributor: Taylor Lynch, MD Educational Pearls: When it comes to hypoglycemia, the age dictates possible causes Neonate: Hormonal deficiency Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (21-hydroxylase deficiency, 11β-hydroxylase deficiency) Primary or Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency leading to cortisol deficiency Hypopituitarism Inborn errors of metabolism Sy…
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As an ACLS provider you do not need to be familiar with all of the different signs of various types of poisoning. You should be able to obtain a history and know to order toxicology. The majority of toxins don’t have a specific antidote. There are a few toxins for which we have emergency interventions and ACLS providers should be familiar with. Rev…
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The ACLS algorithms are designed to make it easier to remember the key interventions we should deliver, and the order in which they should be delivered, to provide the best evidence-based care possible. Generally speaking, if there’s a change in a patient’s condition, we should ensure we’re using the correct algorithm. Three key points to remember …
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In this Episode we are going to cover What you may be feeling How we justify ourselves before God and man Is God to blame for my Diagnosis, Illness, or your personal need of Surgery? The 5 personalities of people that I mostly encounter Questions answered, Is God to blame and is He the cause of my Diagnosis? Do all religions lead to God? Is the fac…
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Beta blocking medications attach to Beta receptors to inhibit or “block” the effects of epinephrine (adrenaline)and norepinephrine in the body. The primary locations of Beta I, II, and III receptors. Effects of epinephrine & norepinephrine’s stimulation of beta receptors on the heart. Beta blockers effects on the heart. When we should consider the …
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This episode we are reviewing the use of advanced airways in the adult cardiac arrest algorithm. When we should consider insertion of an advanced airway for patients in a shockable vs non-shockable rhythm. In addition to an endotracheal tube (ETT), other ACLS advanced airways include the Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) and the Laryngeal Tube airway. Th…
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In this special bonus episode of EMS Cast, we delve into the story of Bobby Sue McCollum, an emergency nurse turned inventor. Learn about the critical issue of over ventilation in emergency medicine, the innovative VT Select device designed to address this problem, and the crazy inspiring journey of its creation. With discussions on the challenges …
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Our primary focus immediately following return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is aimed at ensuring adequate perfusion of the patient’s vital organs and decreasing cerebral damage. Post-arrest goals for O2 saturation, ETCO2, and BP/MAP. Indications for use of an antiarrhythmic after ROSC. Determining which antiarrhythmic to use post cardiac arres…
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Each month, EMedHome.com presents EMCast, the 90-minute podcast hosted by Dr. Amal Mattu, the premier educator in Emergency Medicine. Subscribe to EMedHome.com for an array of clinical content that will impact every shift. This month's EMCast covers: (1) Alcohol Withdrawal, Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome (2) Vasopressors in the ED (3) Non-Invasiv…
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Hydrogen ions is on one of the Hs in ACLS's H&T reversible causes of cardiac arrest. When considering hydrogen ions as a cause, what we’re looking at is the patient’s pH, or acid/base balance, and conditions that affect it. The body's normal pH. Using patient history, ABGs, & labs to determine acidosis or alkalosis. Common conditions/causes that ma…
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Contributor: Kiersten Williams MD, Travis Barlock MD, Jeffrey Olson MS3 Show Pearls Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are one of the leading causes of maternal mortality worldwide. Hypertension (HTN) complicates 2-8% of pregnancies The definition of HTN in pregnancy is a systolic >140 or diastolic >90, measured 4 hours apart There is a range of H…
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Being the team leader during a cardiac arrest is challenging. Using an algorithm helps by standardizing & prioritizing our interventions using an If/Then methodology. Review of BLS steps for determining if rescue breathing or CPR is needed and use of an AED for patients in cardiac arrest. If the patient is in a non-shockable rhythm on the ECG such …
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Is your loved one in the Emergency Room? Are all test and labs coming back negative? Have the Doctors told you that "we will just have to wait" or that there is no hope? Are you losing hope? Do you feel there is nothing you can do? In this podcast your brother in Christ, Anthony encourages you that there is hope and that there is something you can …
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For patients exhibiting symptoms consistent with myocardial ischemia, Aspirin is the first medications we should consider along with morphine, oxygen, and nitroglycerine; if indicated & safe. Aspirin's mechanism of action & benefits for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients. Contraindications and considerations for aspirin’s use. The dose and rout…
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To pass ACLS, you will need to be able to identify common rhythms on a monitor during your mega code and ECG strips on your written exam. If you don't normally monitor patients as part of your job, I suggest two things: 1. Find a system for ECG interpretation that works well for you; and 2. Practice reading ECGs every day for a few weeks before you…
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Explore anaphylaxis care from the basics to the critical approach to managing severe anaphylaxis with Bruce Hoffman, FlightBridge ED senior educator. Find out what it means to be aggressive with anaphylaxis care explained through the AMAX4 framework. Learn how the framework can help reverse anaphylactic shock and prevent catastrophic outcomes. Hear…
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Contributor: Sean Fox, MD Educational Pearls: Newborns may lose up to 10% of their birth weight in the first week of life Weight loss is greatest in exclusively breastfed infants Should regain birth weight by age 2 weeks Newborns should gain an average of 30g (1 oz) per day in the first 3 months of life Some will gain more and some will gain less I…
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In the Adult Cardiac Arrest algorithm, we should administer an antiarrhythmic medication to patients in V-Fib or pulseless ventricular tachycardia approximately two minutes after the first dose of epinephrine. The two first-line ACLS antiarrhythmics that are generally used are Amiodarone and Lidocaine. Review of Lidocaine dosing and administration …
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The tongue is the most common airway obstruction in an unconscious patient. For patients with a decreased level of consciousness that can't control their airway, yet have an intact gag reflex, the nasopharyngeal airway (NPA) should be used as an alternative to the oropharyngeal airway (OPA). Examples of when a NPA should be considered. Contraindica…
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When blood, or other fluids, accumulate in the sac around the heart it’s called a cardiac tamponade or pericardial tamponade. The effects of tamponade on the electrical system and chambers of the heart. Cardiac tamponade can be acute or chronic and caused by traumatic, iatrogenic, or pathological etiologies. Common traumatic events, medical procedu…
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Two things have changed in recent years to aid students that don't use ACLS in their daily practice. 1. The role of the team leader; and 2. The ability to use your quick reference cards. The team leader is responsible for assigning tasks and overall direction of the team but can & should ask team members for help. Using closed-loop communication to…
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Contributor: Travis Barlock, MD Educational Pearls: SVT: supraventricular tachycardia Pharmacotherapy for SVT includes drugs that block the AV node, such as adenosine EKG criteria before adenosine administration in SVT Regular rhythm Monomorphic: ​​all QRS complexes are identical If the EKG is polymorphic, with QRS complexes displaying changing mor…
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Two factors to cardiac arrest survivability that have been clearly shown to make the biggest difference is continuous, high-quality CPR and early defibrillation. The most common dysrhythmia present during the first few minutes of cardiac arrest is ventricular fibrillation (VF). The chance of successful defibrillation decreases every minute that pas…
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Quantitative waveform capnography is used in ACLS as a way to confirm good CPR and placement of an endotracheal tube; identify return of spontaneous circulation; and during post-cardiac arrest care. We can use waveform capnography with, and without, an advanced airway in place. Monitoring end tidal CO2 during rescue breathing. Use of capnography to…
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Patients with a narrow complex tachycardia with a rate over 150 BPM are in SVT. Unstable patients in SVT, or V-Tach with a pulse, should be cardioverted with a synchronized shock. Assessment & treatment of stable tachycardic patients. Commonly used vagal techniques. A less common technique to stimulate the vagus nerve is the dive reflex. Indication…
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Remembering all the different energy setting needed for synchronized cardioversion and defibrillation used to be confusing for a lot of people. Defibrillators can be broken down into three basic categories: 1. Automated External Defibrillator (AED); 2. Biphasic defibrillators; and 3. Monophasic defibrillators. Use of an AED to rapidly deliver a sho…
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Patients with a heart rate less than 60 are bradycardic. Some people can have a resting heart rate in the 40s without any compromise. For others, a heart rate of 50 or less could signify the need for immediate intervention and warrants additional assessment. Signs & symptoms that indicate a bradycardic patient is unstable. Monitoring oxygen saturat…
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The goal of CPR is to keep the brain and vital organs perfused until return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is achieved. Post-arrest care and recovery are the final two links in the chain of survival. Identification of ROSC during CPR. Initial patient management goals after identifying ROSC. The patient’s GCS/LOC should be evaluated to determine …
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The Power of Embracing Mistakes- Special guest Geoff Murphy, founder of Master Your Medics, shares how acknowledging and learning from mistakes can save lives in the field of prehospital medicine. Recorded at the Fast 24 conference, this episode emphasizes the importance of cultivating a culture of safety, vulnerability, and continuous learning wit…
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Contributor: Aaron Lessen, MD Educational Pearls: How does an automated blood pressure cuff work? Automated blood pressure cuffs work differently than taking a manual blood pressure. While taking a manual blood pressure, one typically listens for Korotkoff sounds (turbulent flow) while slowly deflating the cuff. An automatic blood pressure cuff onl…
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The chain of survival for ACLS is the same as was learned in your BLS class. The beginning steps of the Cardiac Emergency and Stroke chain of survival. ACLS's timed goals for first medical contact to PCI for STEMI and door-to-needle for ischemic stroke. Characteristics of areas that have significantly better stroke and out-of-hospital cardiac arres…
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Heart muscle contraction and repolarization is dependent on Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, and Potassium ions crossing cellular membranes. When a patient’s potassium levels get too low or too high, hypokalemia or hyperkalemia results respectively. Two things that may lead us to suspect hypo or hyperkalemia. Medical conditions & medications that can ca…
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When treating patients having an MI or stroke, more minutes equals more dead cells. Because the majority of strokes are the ischemic type, the treatment for stroke is similar to an MI – to reestablish perfusion to the ischemic tissues. Review the first four steps in the Stroke Chain of Survival. Time criteria for the administration of tPA (or a sim…
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Adenosine is the first IV medication given to stable patients with sustained supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) refractory to vagal maneuvers. Symptoms indicating a stable vs unstable patient. Common causes of tachycardia. Cardiac effects of Adenosine. Indications for use in the ACLS Tachycardia algorithm. Considerations and contraindications. Aden…
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To pass the written ACLS exam and mega code, students need to be able to identify basic ECG dysrhythmias, including the two types of second-degree heart block. One method of ECG rhythm identification is to ask a series of questions such as: What's the rate (<60, 60-100, 101-149, or >150); Is the rhythm regular or irregular; What's the shape, width,…
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Contributor: Megan Hurley, MD Educational Pearls: Heat cramps Occur due to electrolyte disturbances Most common electrolyte abnormalities are hyponatremia and hypokalemia Heat edema Caused by vasodilation with pooling of interstitial fluid in the extremities Heat rash (miliaria) Common in newborns and elderly Due to accumulation of sweat beneath ec…
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When treating patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), MONA is an acronym sometimes used to help us remember the initial interventions. The O in MONA is Oxygen. When we should administer oxygen to ACS patients. When O2 administration is unnecessary based on an accurate pulse ox. Monitoring patient's oxygen saturation (SaO2) using a pulse oximet…
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Along with early defibrillation, high quality CPR with minimal interruptions is one of the two factors that has been shown to improve cardiac arrest outcomes. How do we know if high quality, effective CPR is being performed? Objective measures of good, high-quality CPR include: Compression rate; Compression depth & recoil; ETCO2; and Chest Compress…
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When we should use the bradycardia algorithm. The signs & symptoms of unstable bradycardia. Atropine's bradycardic dose and maximum. The use of atropine when a patient is in a second degree type II or third degree heart block. ECG changes that indicate subsequent doses of atropine are likely to be ineffective. The starting dose of Dopamine. The use…
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The tongue is the most common airway obstruction in an unconscious patient. Insertion an oropharyngeal airway helps keep the patient’s tongue from falling to the back of the pharynx, causing an airway obstruction. The oropharyngeal airway is sometimes called an OPA or simply an oral airway. Indications for using an oral airway. Contraindication for…
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Hypoxia is a state of low oxygen levels in the blood. Determining hypoxia using a pulse oximeter or arterial blood gasses (ABGs). A goal of ACLS is to recognize signs of hypoxia and provide timely treatment to prevent an arrest. Examples of some things that might lead us to think of hypoxia as a cause of cardiac arrest. Why we should not rely on pu…
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Quick Reference Guide