show episodes
 
Hoarding disorder is stigmatised and people who hoard feel vast amounts of shame. This podcast began life as an audio diary, an anonymous outlet for somebody with this weird condition. That Hoarder speaks about her experiences living with compulsive hoarding, she interviews therapists, academics, researchers, children of hoarders, professional organisers and influencers, and she shares insight and tips for others with the problem. Listened to by people who hoard as well as those who love the ...
  continue reading
 
Artwork

1
Jacked Kirby

Cultural Compulsive Disorder

Unsubscribe
Unsubscribe
Weekly
 
Join Jack Kirby fans Mike D & Tommy Lombardozzi as they invite weekly guests to discuss and explore the work and contributions of the comic book industry's greatest creator, with lots of laughs along the way! All hail the King of Comics!
  continue reading
 
Compulsive Reader's author interviews, book chat, literary discussions, readings and more. It's an audio haven for book lovers! Recent and upcoming guests include Terry Denton, Marion Halligan, Sir Ken Robinson, Emily Ballou, Sofie Laguna, Matthew Riley, John Banville, Felicity Plunkett, Mark Coker, Peter Bowerman, Eric Maisel, Ramona Koval, Tim Flannery, Carl Zimmer, Gail Jones, Jane Smiley, Frank Delaney, Ben Okri, and many more.
  continue reading
 
Addictive Eaters Anonymous (AEA) is a Twelve Step fellowship based on Alcoholics Anonymous. AEA members have found recovery from binge eating, anorexia, bulimia, other forms of addictive eating and compulsive exercise. These podcasts are a series of audio recordings of members sharing their experience, strength and hope. Wherever you are, whatever your problem with food, AEA can help: https://www.addictiveeatersanonymous.org/
  continue reading
 
Artwork

1
Quirks & Compulsions

Anthony Colangelo, Patrick Marsceill, and Aura Seltzer

Unsubscribe
Unsubscribe
Monthly
 
The show about overanalyzing the overlooked. Your hosts, Anthony Colangelo, Patrick Marsceill, and Aura Seltzer discuss their obsessions with life's minutiae.
  continue reading
 
Artwork
 
Members of OA in San Francisco share what it was like, what happened, and what life is like now. Overeaters Anonymous (OA) is a community of people who through shared experience, strength and hope are recovering from unhealthy relationships with food and body image. OA's twelve-step program works like Alcoholics Anonymous except it helps us deal with food. OA in San Francisco: https://www.oasf.org/ More about Overeaters Anonymous: https://oa.org/
  continue reading
 
Award-winning weekly podcast that approaches psychology and mental health in an accessible way. Listen as our host Gabe Howard speaks candidly with experts, celebrities, and other notables to break down complex topics into simpler terms.
  continue reading
 
Christian Faith and OCD: Practical Strategies to Greater Peace Do you constantly worry about "what-if" scenarios and obsess about things you can't control? Are you frustrated with performing the same compulsions over and over and wish you could find freedom? Do you struggle to find OCD resources that understand or align with your Christian faith? You’re in the right place. This podcast will help you connect with God’s peace by learning practical skills leading you out of the OCD mental priso ...
  continue reading
 
Artwork
 
This is a podcast between a Playstation Trophy hunter and a Xbox Achievement hunter. We complete games 100% and discuss our experience in playing that way on each respective side.
  continue reading
 
Artwork

1
NorthPoint Counseling Perspective

John Sternfels, LPC, NCC, CSAT, CMAT, CCPS, C-SASI

Unsubscribe
Unsubscribe
Monthly+
 
Welcome to a NorthPoint Counseling Perspective, a podcast that addresses the intricate tapestry of individual, relational, marriage, parenting, problematic sexual behavior, partner betrayal trauma, and mental health issues.
  continue reading
 
Welcome to Compulsive Conversation podcast! Where we enjoy the lost art of conversation and talk about anything and everything regarding esports, and the world of video games. Where everything we say is our opinion, and where we always start at the beginning.
  continue reading
 
Melodious, evolving and driving Deep and Tech House, with a twist of Techno. Debut Album out on Beatport: http://btprt.dj/2h3pqu8 Second Album: http://bit.ly/2oEbP5m DJ Sedatophobia is a Deep House / Tech House project of Niek Schokkenbroek from the Netherlands who is currently residing in Lebanon. Released on: @Debuger @Freesoundtools @Exiarec @AuricleRecordings @Gibbon-records @Compulsivemovementrecords For bookings e-mail: bookings [@] djsedatophobia.com
  continue reading
 
Artwork

1
Binge Eating Breakthrough

Understand why you binge eat and how to stop.

Unsubscribe
Unsubscribe
Weekly
 
The Binge Eating Breakthrough Podcast is for anyone looking to break through the cycle of binge eating, compulsive overeating, emotional eating and food addiction. No matter how long you’ve struggled or how many things you’ve tried, you will learn the strategies, tools and mindset you need to find peace with food. Episodes cover topics such as understanding the root causes of binge eating, practical strategies for managing triggers, and inspiring stories of recovery to help you finally creat ...
  continue reading
 
We are two co-workers turned gal pals coping with our neurotic tendencies while being wifies, mommies and talking true crime, current events, and all things that make you go WTF. We are two professionals who want to talk about unprofessional things. We also spill tea during our shorter, cuter, mini episodes. Don't forget to rate, review and subscribe, to keep these divas alive!
  continue reading
 
Artwork

1
Compulsion Loop - Hosted by Jon Sheklow

Compulsion Loop - Hosted by Jon Sheklow

Unsubscribe
Unsubscribe
Daily+
 
Hosted by Jon Shekow, this is a show about video games and the creative minds behind them; It's a behind the scenes look at what goes into making the games we love. Created by Opposite Lock Games. Opposite Lock develops and publishes fun and hyper-unique games. We collaborate with some of the most talented artists and programmers across the globe to create unforgettable mobile content for players who love quality.
  continue reading
 
An L.A. based podcast brought to you by two forensic psychologists who dissect the intersections where true crime, forensic psychology, and entertainment meet. "True Crime, Psychology, and Snark: Trust Us. We're Doctors." All of our episode resources can be found on our website: www.la-not-so-confidential.com and be sure to follow along on Instagram: @lanotsopodcast, TikTok: @lanotsoconfidential & X: @lanotsopod
  continue reading
 
Crime & Compulsion is a Serial Killer/True Crime podcast started by husband and wife team Ben & Karen. Join them bi-weekly as they delve into the minds and heinous acts of serial killers and other true crimes, locally and world-wide. If you have a passion for true crime, this is the podcast for you.
  continue reading
 
Eating with stress, boredom, fear, loneliness, worry, anxiety or happiness are all ways we define emotional eating. The American Psychological Association reports that almost 40% of people have eaten in response to stress in the last 30 days. You are not alone. Each week, you can join Wendi Francis, emotional eating expert, to help YOU overcome your emotional overeating. If you want to finally find freedom from your food, weight, and body this is the podcast for you. Your time to become an O ...
  continue reading
 
Having been described by the press as “occasionally hard-to-follow,” “as chaotic as they are iconic,” and “going through it,” the band MUNA started this podcast with the hope of providing not only more income, but also rare insight into the behavior of queers outside of the month of June. Join the band and their special guests as they gab about our personal lives, music, what they like to eat, the TV they watch, intergenerational trauma, and of course their search for answers in the case of ...
  continue reading
 
My podcast is about educating and empowering you with a message of hope and inspiration that you can become Free from Obsessive-compulsive disorder or OCD.In this podcast, you will hear about how you can overcome OCD with the OCD treatment that reduces OCD Intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviour. Get the OCD help you have been looking for by tuning in here! Book an inital call to discovery how you can become free from ocd today: https://calendly.com/lindaculleton02/free-from-ocd-discover ...
  continue reading
 
Artwork
 
Tucked into a smokey back alley, into a secluded room of an illicit speakeasy filled with gambling, liqueur and podcasts! Come inside, sit down for a drink and join us while we discuss Film Noir of yesterday and Neo Noir's of today with your hosts Carly Street and Jason D. Morris
  continue reading
 
Our socially dynamic discussion is not partisan or an academic or scientific thesis, medical diagnosis, prognosis, prescription, discipline, philosophy or treatment. Based on experience we do not propose or oppose any person, place, or thing: real or imagined - nor is our discourse ritualistic or religious. Considering what is said is a demonstration of interest and not a replacement for taking direction from responsible parties you rely on or are under the care of including professionals. C ...
  continue reading
 
Are You Ready to feel more respected, valued, and loved? Is it time to release, rebuild or revive relationships in your life so you can thrive? Here we share solutions and strategies that have helped thousands and thousands of others to live a more vibrant, happy and blissful life. Handling difficult relationships and healing the past is not always easy, but it IS possible! You no longer need to deal with it on your own listen in, share & be part of the blissful relationships movement. To bo ...
  continue reading
 
What did God say today? God is speaking powerfully through the miraculous daily collisions of heaven and earth. The Touched by Heaven podcast shares encounters with angels, divine interventions, visions, near-death experiences, and God-incidents to fortify the faithful and awaken the fallen away.
  continue reading
 
Two Brooklyn born gen X guys and a Jersey millennial shooting the shit. Talking about everything and anything. Ready to hear topic suggestions for future podcasts and feedback on those we have recorded. Follow and Like us on FaceBook & Instagram. Email: CCandNJGuy@Gmail.com
  continue reading
 
The Son Rise Morning Show with Anna Mitchell and Matt Swaim is fast-paced, motivating and informational – always from the Catholic perspective. You’ll hear news, engaging interviews, prayer and more each weekday morning from 6am-8am ET.
  continue reading
 
This is The Answer To Everything, the podcast where you hear real-life counseling sessions, followed by information and tips you can use in your life today. Listen to them. Grow yourself. Moms smoke weed, grown men throw temper tantrums, and we cope when our boyfriend stabs people. ( Formerly known as Consent To Treat Podcast )
  continue reading
 
Artwork

1
OCD Straight Talk

Chris Leins, MA, NCC, LPCC-S

Unsubscribe
Unsubscribe
Monthly+
 
Become a Paid Subscriber: https://anchor.fm/chris-leins/subscribe An anxiety and OCD treatment-specialist explains how these debilitating conditions are effectively treated, why sometimes they're not, and how anxiety sufferers tend to keep themselves symptomatic. This podcast is designed both for those who suffer from anxiety disorders, and OCD and related disorders, and those who seek to treat this population with greater efficacy. Subscribe at: https://anchor.fm/chris-leins/subscribe
  continue reading
 
Artwork

1
Oddvice

Kristen McAtee and Alex Koot

Unsubscribe
Unsubscribe
Weekly
 
Join best friends, Kristen McAtee and Alex Koot as they navigate the ups and downs of life. Coming from opposite upbringings, these 20-something-year-olds bring different perspectives to the table. Each week they share personal experiences about various topics, and then every Friday they read your stories and answer your questions on their Patreon Exclusive weekly episode. They're playing in the deep end and the shallow end... so grab your floaties 'cause it's about to get WAVY, BABY! No Lim ...
  continue reading
 
Being “Just Dumb Enough” is all about being okay with yourself, and the situation you find yourself in, after you bring up a topic in front of a real expert. My name is Colton Petry, I am the Host of the Just Dumb Enough Podcast, and I‘m your professional idiot. The premise of the show is exposing the general listening audience to topics, careers, experiences, or lifestyles they may otherwise know very little about.
  continue reading
 
Hi there! I'm Denise G. Lee, your life coach specializing in helping business owners. Using psychology and science, I'm here to support you through tough times, like trauma, anxiety, or feeling low. If you want to improve your life and build real connections, check out my podcast. Most episodes are just me chatting, but sometimes I have interesting guests share their thoughts. New episodes drop every Monday and Wednesday. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate and review it. For more informat ...
  continue reading
 
Becoming Me is your podcast companion and coach in your journey to a more integrated and authentic self. I explore the joys and challenges of the interior journey, and share practical wisdom about growing in wholeness and in living the authentic life. Visit www.becomingme.sg for podcast host bio, companion blog and subscribe to my mailing list for more engagement and resources!
  continue reading
 
The Thriving Metabolism: Weight Loss Beyond Diets with Louise Digby is the podcast where nutrition, education, science, metabolism, and hormones meet. Weight loss is so much more than the mere calculation of calories in V calories out. What's always ignored are the internal factors that influence an individual's capacity to burn calories. Join BANT registered nutritional therapist and weight loss expert Louise Digby as we explore the nuances around metabolic health, hormones, gut health, and ...
  continue reading
 
Loading …
show series
 
Come to a Dehoarding Accountability Zoom Session: http://www.overcomecompulsivehoarding.co.uk/ticket Subscribe to the podcast: https://www.overcomecompulsivehoarding.co.uk/subscribe Podcast show notes, links and transcript: http://www.overcomecompulsivehoarding.co.uk/ Susie Boutal is a qualified ADHD coach and decluttering expert. She joins me to t…
  continue reading
 
Have you ever heard someone say “OH MY GOD I’m so OCD…” Have you ever wondered if YOU have OCD? In this episode, Rachel and Ellie discuss what it means to actually have Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. To see demonstrations of some of the topics discussed on the show, and to connect with Rachel, find her on Facebook , Tik Tok , or Instagram If you le…
  continue reading
 
Happy feast of St. James the Greater! On today's show, Matt Swaim and Anna Mitchell discuss his role as part of the inner circle of Jesus. Guests include pastoral counselor Kevin Prendergast with thoughts on how to address compulsive eating, and Courtney Brown with more reflections on Theology of the Body. Plus news, weather, sports and more...…
  continue reading
 
Carrie discusses Inference-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (ICBT) as a helpful option, explaining how it differs from ERP in addressing OCD symptoms and integrating faith perspectives. Join her as she explores ways to find peace and faith while managing OCD through these therapeutic approaches. Episode Highlights: The principles of ICBT and its …
  continue reading
 
I think the phrase "I'm a little OCD" has been said by most of the people on the planet at some point in time, but it's truly understood by very few. Our expert today will explain why no one has ever been just a little bit OCD. Welcome to the Just Dumb Enough Podcast. A show that acknowledges no one is always an expert, by dispelling misconceptions…
  continue reading
 
Send us a Text Message. What happens when light clutter turns into a life-threatening hazard? Join us as we explore the deep and complex world of hoarding, starting with a shocking firsthand account of a woman whose apartment was overflowing with bottles. This episode uncovers the mental and emotional triggers behind hoarding behaviors, revealing h…
  continue reading
 
Are you stuck in a cycle of trying to eat "perfectly," only to end up binge eating and feeling guilty afterwards? Do you find it nearly impossible to resist food temptations, even when you know better? In this episode, Harriet Morris, host of the Eating Coach podcast, joins us to unravel the complex relationship between our minds and our eating hab…
  continue reading
 
Today we are covering a very misunderstood disorder and the very small space it has overlapped with the criminal justice system. We explain what Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is NOT and review the many faces of OCD including Harm OCD, Pedophilia OCD, and Relationship OCD. We also get into some interesting cases in which defense teams' experts have …
  continue reading
 
Patti Miller joins us to read from and talk about her book Writing True Stories which has just been extensively updated and extended. She talks about what has changed in the 30+ years since she started teaching Life Writing, the impact of technology, her best tip, her own work in progress, and lots more. Find out more about Patti and Writing True S…
  continue reading
 
Chronic cough causes explained, looking at the differential diagnosis of a chronic cough as well as treatment options. Includes red flag symptoms associated with chronic cough. Consider subscribing on YouTube (if you found any of the info useful!): https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCRks8wB6vgz0E7buP0L_5RQ?sub_confirmation=1 Patreon: https://www.patr…
  continue reading
 
Chris opines about the future of mental healthcare in general and OCD treatment in particular. Given the slow but steady, technological development of healthcare delivery in the past 20 to 30 years, it's only a matter of time. Soon AI human-like robots (like Max Headroom from the 80s) will serve as treatment experts, and patients will get themselve…
  continue reading
 
Trump gets shot. Biden drops out. Kamala is coronated. Alyson and Breht discuss and analyze it all. Omaha Tenants United: https://omahatenantsunited.wordpress.com Outro Song: Music for Shoplifting by P.O.S. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Follow Rev Left on Insta Support Rev Left Radio and…
  continue reading
 
Happy feast of Sts. Joachim and Anne! On today's show, Matt Swaim and Anna Mitchell talk to Fr. Patrick Briscoe about their story, and why the witness and influence of grandparents is so important. Other guests include Fr. Hezekias Carnazzo from the Institute of Catholic Culture and Fr. Jonathan Duncan from the Diocese of Charleston to preview the …
  continue reading
 
This week, ANDREW POST & DAVE WEXLER join us to discuss their new art project ‘zine ‘The Many Faces Of Jack Kirby’! What inspired them to make it? What’s their relationship with Kirby’s work? What do his art and creations mean to them? Listen and find out!!! You can contact Dave through his Instagram page (@west_coast_davengers) to get the ‘zine! P…
  continue reading
 
Dive into a candid discussion on mental health as host Gabe Howard speaks with Rachael Beairsto, a senior editor for Healthline. Together, they tackle tough questions about authenticity and stigma provided by listeners like you. Explore how misconceptions and pop culture blur the lines between genuine struggles and excuses, examining why some may f…
  continue reading
 
Are you supporting a loved one struggling with binge eating? This episode offers essential insights and practical strategies to help you navigate this challenging journey together. Whether you're a partner, parent, friend, or family member, you'll learn how to provide effective support without compromising your own well-being. Discover how to commu…
  continue reading
 
Bullying in American schools from elementary education through the college years has gained a LOT of traction over the past few decades: attention that is much needed and very much delayed due to characteristics of a culture that has accepted these terrible behaviors. Mental health and risk assessment professionals have brought more light to this t…
  continue reading
 
The band is back for another solo episode! This time, they debrief their thoughts on wedding culture, rock climbing, piercings in your 60s, and, of course, love at first sight. Watch the video version of this episode here. Rate Gayotic on Apple Podcasts and Spotify and leave us a review to read on a future episode! Shop MUNA merch! Your favorite ba…
  continue reading
 
Send us a Text Message. Can you imagine a city without cars, streets, or carbon emissions? Join us as we explore The Line, a revolutionary urban project in Saudi Arabia that's breaking all the conventional rules of city planning. Powered entirely by renewable energy sources like solar and geothermal, The Line is part of the larger Neom development …
  continue reading
 
Do you know what the most important resource you will ever have in your life is? Many of us squander this precious asset by focusing on fears, unrealistic dreams, and comparisons. Tune in to discover five essential tips for making the most of your time and learning to appreciate the present moment. If you liked this podcast, please: -subscribe -sha…
  continue reading
 
Happy feast of St. Charbel Makhlouf! On today’s show, Matt Swaim and Anna Mitchell discuss his extraordinary life, and the miracles that have come to be associated with him. Guests include Gary Zimak on the importance of encouragement among believers, Fr. Rob Jack with more reflections on the Litany of the Precious Blood, and canon lawyer Fr. Phili…
  continue reading
 
Ever caught yourself hesitating before grabbing that drink at a party? Or maybe you've toyed with the idea of cutting back on alcohol but weren't quite ready to give it up entirely? If you're curious about how drinking really affects your health, beyond just the calories and hangovers, you might want to check this out. Louise Digby welcomes Dr. Bro…
  continue reading
 
Our story continues as our young Garou enter the umbra to witness firsthand the chaos unfolding The Smothered Sept, a Werewolf: the Apocalypse story; ran by our friend Erik of City of Glass games. Check it out! Erik: Slipperscosplay on Twitter, Sleiphner on Discord, events@cityofglassgames.com https://www.patreon.com/BlankBodies http://blankbodies.…
  continue reading
 
Happy feast of St. Bridget of Sweden! On today’s show, Matt Swaim and Anna Mitchell discuss her extraordinary life and legacy. Guests include Fr. Boniface Hicks to discuss his experience of leading Adoration at the Eucharistic Congress, Kris McGregor from Discerning Hearts with thoughts from the Office of Readings. Plus all the latest news, weather…
  continue reading
 
Episode 130 In this episode, I share my deeply personal reflections on what it means to lay down my life in alignment with Christ, but without feeling lesser for it. Growing up in an enmeshed family system with rigid expectations of selflessness, ingrained through my Catholic upbringing, I faced challenges in understanding genuine self-sacrifice. I…
  continue reading
 
Bad communication can cause problems in relationships and work. Understanding why people communicate poorly helps to address the issue. Learn practical steps to improve your communication skills and create better connections with others. If you liked this podcast, please: -subscribe -share it with others -write a review **Let’s stay connected.** Cl…
  continue reading
 
Happy feast of St. Mary Magdalene! On today's show, Matt Swaim and Anna Mitchell discuss her life and legacy, and her special patronages through the years. Guests include Fr. Patrick Briscoe and Marcel Lejeune to recap last week's Eucharistic Congress, and Ken Craycraft on what happens next now that Biden is no longer running for president. Plus ne…
  continue reading
 
TW: All things body image! This is a highly requested topic so we wanted to open up the conversation 💜 Relief in Palestine 🤍 - https://manylink.co/@oddvicepodcast 🃏 order DECK O' DECKS here! 🃏 - https://bicyclecards.com/shop/bicycle-oddvice-deck-o-decks Exclusive Patreon episodes every Friday!: https://www.patreon.com/oddvicepodcast Hosted by Krist…
  continue reading
 
Text Questions here for response in subsequent episodes. MOD episodes have no shelf-life or expiration date. Our focus is principled so each episode reflects the immediate peace and stability of our Ever-Present Knowing Awareness that clarifies conflicted impressions manifest by the instability and hyper-reactivity of obsessive thinking. Accurately…
  continue reading
 
Gerard Long died of a heart attack, for thirty minutes. “The doctors expected to find the brain activity of cabbage,” said Gerard. At 1 AM, Gerard and some buddies were streaming a World Cup rugby game between England and New Zealand. Suddenly, excited by a goal, Gerard went down. For half an hour, Gerard Long was lifeless. Our brains may be able t…
  continue reading
 
Chris discusses a unique form of OCD that is, at the same time, common to the population: Perfectionism. In this case, it's not as straight forward as working to stop compulsions. The endeavor of behavior change is more about adding an ingredient than omitting one. Feel free to reach out with any questions you might have to chris@kentuckyocd.com. I…
  continue reading
 
Come to a Dehoarding Accountability Zoom Session: http://www.overcomecompulsivehoarding.co.uk/ticket Subscribe to the podcast: https://www.overcomecompulsivehoarding.co.uk/subscribe Podcast show notes, links and transcript: http://www.overcomecompulsivehoarding.co.uk/ Today, I talk about a woman who sold every single thing in her wardrobe and explo…
  continue reading
 
Part 4 of our our live play The Smothered Sept, a Werewolf: the Apocalypse story; ran by our friend Erik of City of Glass games. Check it out! Erik: Slipperscosplay on Twitter, Sleiphner on Discord, events@cityofglassgames.com https://www.patreon.com/BlankBodies http://blankbodies.com our theme is: Millions of Dead Cyborgs - Paralyze https://paraly…
  continue reading
 
The first part of this three-part podcast will give you an approach to Emerging Child and Adolescent Psychosis. In this episode, listeners will 1) recognize and elicit warning and frank signs of psychosis, 2) propose a reasonable differential diagnosis for psychosis and identify medical work-up considerations, 3) understand risk factors for primary…
  continue reading
 
We're live from the Eucharistic Congress in Indianapolis! Matt Swaim and Anna Mitchell will be joined by Fr. Patrick Briscoe, Marcel Lejeune, Marlon De La Torre, Liz Lev, and other guests who have gathered in Indiana to honor the reality of Christ present in the Holy Eucharist.If you're there for the Congress, we'd love to meet you!…
  continue reading
 
Pop-collage artist Jerry Nelson aka JCrash is back on the show, this time to dive into Marvel’s Tales To Astonish story “When The Space Beasts Attack!” (Issue 29, December 1961)… plus we’ll talk about our favorite alien invasion flicks and Jerry’s new ‘zine! It’s some out of this world fun! You can follow JCrash on Instagram: @jcrashart And you can…
  continue reading
 
Text Questions here for response in subsequent episodes. Stop, look, and listen is kindergarten speak for pedestrian safety at any crossing. This applies to the positions we take as the experience we make intersects with all that is happening, now. Human nature is not corrupt if our essence is absolute. If nature is natural then it is our nature. T…
  continue reading
 
Do you avoid talking about certain topics with your dad? Politics? LGBT rights? Parenting? There’s something about dads that make those conversations extra touchy. In this episode, Rachel explains why your Dad drives you crazy, and the effect this has on you over time. In her first session on the podcast, Robin recounts an uncomfortable conversatio…
  continue reading
 
Loading …

Quick Reference Guide